1) Hardware for Security. Summarize the following two write-ups. You should have one summary and your summary should not exceed 200 words. [a] Sasa Marinkovic, (Aug. 2014). "Today’s Computer Secur

1) Hardware for Security. Summarize the following two write-ups. You should have one summary and your summary should not exceed 200 words. 

[a] Sasa Marinkovic, (Aug. 2014). "Today’s Computer Security Threats Require Hardware Solutions," https://www.electronicdesign.com/embedded/today-s-computer-security-threats-require-hardware-solutions 

[b] Ellyne Phneah, (Feb. 2013). "Hardware-based security more effective against new threats," https://www.zdnet.com/article/hardware-based-security-more-effective-against-new-threats/ 

2) (a) Define: cipher and ciphertext. (b) Briefly discuss the types of ciphers.

3) (a) What is PUF? (b) Briefly explain how ‘PUFs implement challenge–response authentication’? (c) Briefly explain the strength and types of PUFs using intrinsic randomness