(TCO D) The State of Idaho issued $2,000,000 of 7% coupon, 20-year semiannual payment, tax-exempt bonds 5 years ago.

2. (TCO D) The State of Idaho issued $2,000,000 of 7% coupon, 20-year semiannual payment, tax-exempt bonds 5 years ago. The bonds had 5 years of call protection, but now the state can call the bonds if it chooses to do so. The call premium would be 5% of the face amount. Today 15-year, 5%, semiannual payment bonds can be sold at par, but flotation costs on this issue would be 2%. What is the net present value of the refunding? Because these are tax-exempt bonds, taxes are not relevant.

(a) $278,616

(b) $292,536

(c) $307,163

(d) $278,606

(e) $338,647

Please Show Calculation Steps.