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1.Recall again that Rind Bordia (1996) investigated whether or not drawing a happy face on customers' checks increased the amount of tips received
1. Recall again that Rind & Bordia (1996) investigated whether or not drawing a happy face on customers' checks increased the amount of tips received by a waitress at an upscale restaurant on a university campus. During the lunch-hour a waitress drew a happy, smiling face on the checks of a random half of her customers. The remaining half of the customers received a check with no drawing (18 points).
The tip percentages for the control group (no happy face) are as follows:
45% 39% 36% 34% 34% 33% 31% 31% 30% 30% 28% 28% 28% 27% 27% 25% 23% 22% 21% 21% 20% 18% 8%
The tip percentages for the experimental group (happy face) are as follows:
72% 65% 47% 44% 41% 40% 34% 33% 33% 30% 29% 28% 27% 27% 25% 24% 24% 23% 22% 21% 21% 17%
This time, you are to perform a "hypothesis test" using the tip data, answering each of the questions below. For short-answer questions, be brief. However, you must give enough detail to justify your answers. Single-sentence responses will generally not suffice, but do not exceed a paragraph for any given answer.
h. Enter the data above into SPSS. You will enter in two variables for each restaurant patron: 1) which experimental group they belonged to (1 = no happy face, 2 = happy face) and 2) the tip percentage left.
i. Obtain the appropriate test statistic. From the SPSS menus choose Analyze and Compare Means, followed by the appropriate test.
j. Using the descriptive statistics from the SPSS printout, calculate the F-Max statistic. Also, examine the p-value (i.e., significance level) for Levene's test. Based on the results of these two statistics, do you feel that the homogeneity of variance assumption has been violated? Explain.
k. What is the value of the t statistic and probability value on the SPSS printout. Note: You need to be consistent with your conclusion in question #10. Your choice of statistic on the printout should reflect whether or not you felt the assumption was violated.
