A paradigm is: Question 1 options:

A paradigm is:

Question 1 options:

an Enlightenment principle of justice and ethics

one particular way of thinking about a topic

two nickels

a worldview originating in Eastern philosophy

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Question 2 (1 point)

Ontology is:

Question 2 options:

the study of environment

the study of essence

the study of existence

the study of empiricism

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Question 3 (1 point)

A materialist believes that:

Question 3 options:

the natural realm is all that exists

God created the world but is not active in it

forces outside nature created the world

the universe consists of only matter and energy

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Question 4 (1 point)

Monism is:

Question 4 options:

the concept that the universe consists of only immaterial substances

the belief that the universe consists of only one type of thing (matter, ideas)

the idea that the universe is made up of two different substances

the thought that the universe will come to a single apocalyptic end

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Question 5 (1 point)

Dialectical reasoning includes all but the following:

Question 5 options:

making a proposal

modifying an idea

raising questions, pointing out problems

concluding with a synthesis

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Question 6 (1 point)

Realism that developed after the Enlightenment include all but the following:

Question 6 options:

common sense realism

critical realism

ideal realism

pragmatic realism

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Question 7 (1 point)

Determinism is the belief that everything happens:

Question 7 options:

only if there is an ideal way that everyone agrees on

exactly as it does because of the laws of cause and effect

because God determined that the universe should run on its own

because it works in the best practical way

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Question 8 (1 point)

The Enlightenment was a time period in Europe when:

Question 8 options:

intellectuals began to rely on reason alone to arrive at truth

watchmakers like Benjamin Franklin became American fathers

Deism overtook theism as the main theology

electricity began to be used in schools of philosophy

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Question 9 (1 point)

Plato's theory of "Forms" is another term for:

Question 9 options:

the world of senses

the world of dualism

the world of ideas

the world of myth

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Question 10 (1 point)

The via negativa is a term referring to:

Question 10 options:

apophatic perspective of God

negative theology

what God is not

all of the above

A myth is:

Question 11 options:

an explanation of our perceptions

a false story

a fanciful tale

a complete mystery

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Question 12 (1 point)

The steps for the Scientific method include all but

the following:

Question 12 options:

establish a theory

assume a conclusion

observe a set of data

form a hypothesis

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Question 13 (1 point)

To be objective about something is to:

Question 13 options:

to be less prejudiced about it

be less critical of it

to make it false

to be biased against it

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Question 14 (1 point)

Thomas Kuhn was known in philosophy for the idea of:

Question 14 options:

birthing post-modernism

paradigm shifts in science

logical positivism in Vienna

social Darwinism

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Question 15 (1 point)

Occam's Razor is a principle associated with:

Question 15 options:

the that the simplest explanation is the best one

the heliocentric notion of the universe

the saying "a keep sharp tongue in a cool head"

the first 'close shave'

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Question 16 (1 point)

Aseity and omnibenevolence are two qualities appearing:

Question 16 options:

in all supernatural beings

in divine nature

in Christians fundamentalists

in ancient philosophers

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Question 17 (1 point)

Panentheism is the belief that:

Question 17 options:

sees God as the creator of all things

identifies the world with God

sees the world as part of God

sees theism as the problem of the world

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Question 18 (1 point)

Evolution can involve all the following terms except:

Question 18 options:

survival of the fittest

irreducible complexity

mutation

natural selection

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Question 19 (1 point)

The top of Maslow's hierarchy is represented by the term:

Question 19 options:

self-esteem

self-actualization

self-help

self-immolation

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Question 20 (1 point)

Someone who believes the world holds no intrinsic meaning is a:

Question 20 options:

a collectivist

a nihilist

an individualist

an existentialist