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A scientist
Name: Marsha.Hmiel
Date: 06/02/2013
Instructor’s Name: Robert Carter
Assignment: SCIE207 Phase 5 Lab Report
Title: Taxonomy Lab to Show Organism Relationships
Instructions: You will need to fill out the data table and answer a set of questions.
When your lab report is complete, post it in Submitted Assignment files.
Part 1: Using the lab animation, fill in the following data tables to help you answer the questions that follow:
Table 1: Samples 1–5
Phylum/Division
Sample 1: Chrysophyta
Sample 2: Annelida
Sample 3: Arthropoda
Sample 4: Amphibia
Sample 5: Aves
Common Feature
Nutrition
How does the organism break down and absorb food?
Autotrophic
Heterotrophic – Earthworms eat their way through dirt, so they are detritivores.
Heterotrophic – Some are vegetarian, some are carnivorous, and some are decomposers.
Heterotrophic – These are usually vegetarian as tadpoles and carnivores as adults.
Heterotrophic
Circulatory System (Transport)
How does the organism get what it needs to cells (open, closed, diffusion only)?
Diffusion only
Closed with 5 aortic arches (hearts)
Open circulatory system with a heart pumping hemolymph
Closed with 3-chambered heart
Closed with 4 – chambered heart
Respiratory System
How does the organism get oxygen and release carbon dioxide?
Diffusion only
Diffusion through skin
Diffusion through tracheal tubes
Diffusion through gills as a tadpole and through lungs and skin (especially) as adults
Diffusion through the lungs
Reproductive System
Does the organism use asexual or sexual reproduction (eggs, seeds, spores, placenta, type of fertilization)?
Asexual
Hermaphrodites: One body has both sexes Sexual: His special organ called clitellum that moves from the front of the worm to the rear and then falls off, containing the eggs
Sexual: Mostly internal fertilization
Sexual: Mostly external fertilization; must be in water or very moist area
Sexual: Eggs; internal
Excretory System
How does the organism get rid of wastes and maintain an ionic balance of fluids?
Diffusion
Nephridia in each segment; solid waste. Exits through the anus
Malpighian tubeles
Kidneys, intestines, anus
Kidneys, intestines, anus
Growth and Development
Does the organism go through metamorphosis, develop in an egg or uterus, or grow from seeds?
Start as small cells; grow bigger until division
Start out as fertilized eggs, hatch into little worms that continue to grow, and then mature sexually into adults
Complete (egg, larvae, pupae, adult) or incomplete (egg, nymph, adult) metamorphosis
Metamorphosis; Egg, tadpole, adult
Develop in egg
Regulation
How does the organism control body processes (hormones, nervous system)?
The nucleus directs protein synthesis. Euglena have eye spots that can detect light
Tiny anterior brain, ganglia, and the nerve cord runs the length of the body
Tiny anterior brain, nerve cord, ganglia, and extremely well-developed sensory organs
Brain, nervous system, good reflexes
Nervous and endocrine systems
Sample organism
Phytoplankton
Earthworm
Fruitfly
Frog
Bird
Table 2: Samples 6–10
Phylum/Division
Sample 6: Reptilians
Sample 7: Mammalia
Sample 8: Bryophyta
Sample 9:
Gymnosperm
Sample 10: Angiosperm
Common Feature
Nutrition
How does the organism break down and absorb food?
Heterotrophic – Covered with scales
Heterotrophic – Nuture their young with milk
Autotrophic – Nonvascular plants
Autotrophic – Have needles and seeds but no flowers
Autotrophic – Have flowers
Circulatory System (Transport)
How does the organism get what it needs to cells (open, closed, diffusion only)?
Closed with 4 – chamber heart
Closed with 4 – chamber heart
Diffusion through cell walls and cell membranes
Xylem and phloem
Xylem and phloem
Respiratory System
How does the organism get oxygen and release carbon dioxide?
Diffusion through the lungs
Diffusion through the lungs
Diffusion through cell membranes
Diffusion through stomata
Diffusion through stomata
Reproductive System
Does the organism use asexual or sexual reproduction (eggs, seeds, spores, placenta, type of fertilization)?
Sexual: Eggs; internal
Sexual: Placental, in-uterus development (internal)
Sexual: Alternation of generations. Must be in a moist area for the sperm to swim to the egg
Sexual: Alternation of generations. Pollen is the male sex cell
Sexual: Alternation of generations. Pollen is the male sex cell
Sexual: Excretory System
How does the organism get rid of wastes and maintain an ionic balance of fluids?
Kidneys, intestines, anus
Kidneys, intestines, anus
None
None
None
Growth and Development
Does the organism go through metamorphosis, develop in an egg or uterus, or grow from seeds?
Develop in eggs
Develop in-uterus
Spores, not seeds
Naked seeds in cones
Seeds protected in pods, shells, fruit, and so forth
Regulation
How does the organism control body processes (hormones, nervous system)?
Nervous and endocrine systems
Big brain; well-developed nervous system and endocrine system
none
Hormones in apical bud, root, and stem
Hormones in apical bud, root, stem, and leaves
Sample organism
Snake
Cat
Moss
Pine Tree
Rose
Part 2: Using the completed data table, answer the following questions:
- What is common among all samples?
- What is common among organisms from samples 1, 9, and 10?
- What is common between the circulatory system of organisms from samples 5, 6, and 7, but different in organisms from sample 4?
- What is common in the respiration system of organisms from samples 2 and 4?
- What gas is delivered to the respiratory system of organisms from samples 1, 9, and 10? Why?
- Which organisms are producers?
- Which organisms are decomposers?
- Look at the surface of your hand. You will see the skin and hair made up of protein called keratin. Which organisms did humans inherit that protein from?
- Which organisms have blood?
