a) Usual authentication systems verify passwords with the help of their hashes stored in protected files. i. Explain why is the purpose of storing

a) Usual authentication systems verify passwords with the help of their hashes stored in protected files.

i. Explain why is the purpose of storing password hashes rather than the passwords themselves?

ii. Explain why should we protect the access to the password hashes?

iii. Give an example each for authentication by something you know, something you have, something you are, something you do.