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Apply basic statistical process control (SPC) methods
Managing Quality: Integrating the Supply Chain, 5e (Foster)
Chapter 11 Statistically Based Quality Improvement for Variables
1) ________ is a decision-making skill demonstrated by the ability to draw conclusions based on data.
A) Data interlinking
B) Process benchmarking
C) Rational subgrouping
D) Statistical thinking
E) Qualitative modeling
Answer:
Topic: Statistical Fundamentals
Learning Outcome: Apply basic statistical process control (SPC) methods
2) ________ is based on the concept that all work occurs in a system of interconnected processes.
A) Statistical thinking
B) Qualitative modeling
C) Process benchmarking
D) Rational subgrouping
E) Data interlinking
Answer:
Topic: Statistical Fundamentals
Learning Outcome: Apply basic statistical process control (SPC) methods
3) Producer's risk is also called a ________ error.
A) type I
B) non-response
C) type II
D) processing
E) response
Answer:
Topic: Statistical Fundamentals
Learning Outcome: Apply basic statistical process control (SPC) methods
4) Consumer's risk is also called a ________ error.
A) processing
B) non-response
C) type II
D) response
E) type I
Answer:
Topic: Statistical Fundamentals
Learning Outcome: Apply basic statistical process control (SPC) methods
5) ________ is the probability that a good product will be rejected.
A) Retailer's risk
B) Consumer's risk
C) Manufacturer's risk
D) Management's risk
E) Producer's risk
Answer:
Topic: Statistical Fundamentals
Learning Outcome: Apply basic statistical process control (SPC) methods
6) ________ is the probability that a nonconforming product will be available for sale.
A) Producer's risk
B) Consumer's risk
C) Retailer's risk
D) Management's risk
E) Manufacturer's risk
Answer:
Topic: Statistical Fundamentals
Learning Outcome: Apply basic statistical process control (SPC) methods
7) ________ happens when statistical quality analysis fails to result in the scrapping or reworking of a defective product.
A) Management's risk
B) Producer's risk
C) Manufacturer's risk
D) Retailer's risk
E) Consumer's risk
Answer:
Topic: Statistical Fundamentals
Learning Outcome: Apply basic statistical process control (SPC) methods
8) ________ variation is centered on a mean and occurs with a somewhat consistent amount of dispersion.
A) Nonrandom
B) Specific
C) Systematic
D) Abnormal
E) Random
Answer:
Topic: Statistical Fundamentals
Learning Outcome: Apply basic statistical process control (SPC) methods
9) Which of the following is true of random variation?
A) It has a cause that can be identified.
B) It can be easily controlled.
C) It occurs with a somewhat consistent amount of dispersion.
D) It results in a process that is not repeatable.
E) It results from a shift in a process mean or some unexpected occurrence.
Answer:
Topic: Statistical Fundamentals
Learning Outcome: Apply basic statistical process control (SPC) methods
10) ________ variation results from some event, such as shift in a process mean or some unexpected occurrence.
A) Uncontrollable
B) Nonrandom
C) Stochastic
D) Random
E) Indefinite
Answer:
Topic: Statistical Fundamentals
Learning Outcome: Apply basic statistical process control (SPC) methods
11) Which of the following is true of nonrandom variation?
A) It is uncontrollable.
B) It is centered on a mean.
C) It occurs with a somewhat consistent amount of dispersion.
D) It results from a shift in a process mean or some unexpected occurrence.
E) It results in a process that is repeatable.
Answer:
Topic: Statistical Fundamentals
Learning Outcome: Apply basic statistical process control (SPC) methods
12) Process ________ means that the variation we observe in the process is random variation and not nonrandom variation.
A) optimization
B) capability
C) control
D) variability
E) stability
Answer:
Topic: Statistical Fundamentals
Learning Outcome: Apply basic statistical process control (SPC) methods
13) Process stability means that the variation we observe in the process is ________ variation.
A) abnormal
B) specific
C) random
D) systematic
E) nonrandom
Answer:
Topic: Statistical Fundamentals
Learning Outcome: Apply basic statistical process control (SPC) methods
14) To ensure that processes are stable, data are gathered in ________.
A) batches
B) networks
C) samples
D) lots
E) sets
Answer:
Topic: Statistical Fundamentals
Learning Outcome: Apply basic statistical process control (SPC) methods
15) Which of the following is not one of the alternative names for one hundred percent samples?
A) screening samples
B) sorting samples
C) rectifying samples
D) detailing samples
E) stabilizing samples
Answer:
Topic: Statistical Fundamentals
Learning Outcome: Apply basic statistical process control (SPC) methods
16) ________ is useful because it ensures independence among observations.
A) Process capability
B) Optimization
C) Population distribution
D) Process stability
E) Randomization
Answer:
Topic: Statistical Fundamentals
Learning Outcome: Apply basic statistical process control (SPC) methods
17) To ________ means to sample in such a way that every piece of product has an equal chance of being selected for inspection.
A) randomize
B) optimize
C) stabilize
D) rectify
E) modify
Answer:
Topic: Statistical Fundamentals
Learning Outcome: Apply basic statistical process control (SPC) methods
18) Samples can be ________ according to time or according to sequence.
A) random
B) uncontrollable
C) indefinite
D) systematic
E) stochastic
Answer:
Topic: Statistical Fundamentals
Learning Outcome: Apply basic statistical process control (SPC) methods
19) A ________ subgroup is a group of data that is logically homogeneous.
A) primary
B) rational
C) process
D) variable
E) stable
Answer:
Topic: Statistical Fundamentals
Learning Outcome: Apply basic statistical process control (SPC) methods
20) Variation within the data in a ________ subgroup can provide a yardstick for computing limits on the standard variation between subgroups.
A) process
B) variable
C) primary
D) stable
E) rational
Answer:
Topic: Statistical Fundamentals
Learning Outcome: Apply basic statistical process control (SPC) methods
21) ________ are tools for monitoring process variation.
A) Pareto charts
B) Control charts
C) Histograms
D) Scatter diagrams
E) Cause-and-effect diagrams
Answer:
Topic: Process Control Charts
Learning Outcome: Apply basic statistical process control (SPC) methods
22) A(n) ________ is a continuous measurement such as weight, height, or volume.
A) variable
B) attribute
C) paradigm
D) criterion
E) element
Answer:
Topic: Process Control Charts
Learning Outcome: Apply basic statistical process control (SPC) methods
23) A(n) ________ is an either-or-situation resulting from a binomial process.
A) variable
B) paradigm
C) criterion
D) attribute
E) element
Answer:
Topic: Process Control Charts
Learning Outcome: Apply basic statistical process control (SPC) methods
24) Which of the following is an example of a variables chart?
A) u chart
B) c chart
C) np chart
D) p chart
E) X chart
Answer:
Topic: Process Control Charts
Learning Outcome: Apply basic statistical process control (SPC) methods
25) Which of the following is an example of an attributes chart?
A) s chart
B) R chart
C) p chart
D) MR chart
E) X chart
Answer:
Topic: Process Control Charts
Learning Outcome: Apply basic statistical process control (SPC) methods
26) What is the first step in developing process control charts?
A) identify critical product characteristics
B) select the appropriate process control chart
C) determine whether the critical product characteristic is a variable or an attribute
D) identify critical operations in the process
E) establish the control limits
Answer:
Topic: Process Control Charts
Learning Outcome: Apply basic statistical process control (SPC) methods
27) Process population average, mean, range, moving range, and standard deviation are examples of ________.
A) attributes
B) variables
C) elements
D) criteria
E) paradigms
Answer:
Topic: Process Control Charts
Learning Outcome: Apply basic statistical process control (SPC) methods
28) Proportion defective, number defective, number nonconforming in a consistent sample space, and number defects per unit are examples of ________.
A) criteria
B) paradigms
C) elements
D) variables
E) attributes
Answer:
Topic: Process Control Charts
Learning Outcome: Apply basic statistical process control (SPC) methods
29) The ________ is a process chart used to monitor the average of the characteristic being measured.
A) chart
B) R chart
C) c chart
D) p chart
E) MR chart
Answer:
Topic: Process Control Charts
Learning Outcome: Apply basic statistical process control (SPC) methods
30) The ________ chart is used in monitoring process dispersion.
A) chart
B) c chart
C) p chart
D) R chart
E) X chart
Answer:
Topic: Process Control Charts
Learning Outcome: Apply basic statistical process control (SPC) methods
31) The chart is a process chart used to monitor the ________ of the characteristic being measured.
A) range
B) average
C) mode
D) median
E) standard deviation
Answer:
Topic: Process Control Charts
Learning Outcome: Apply basic statistical process control (SPC) methods
32) The ________ is the difference between the largest measurement and the smallest measurement in a particular sample.
A) range
B) median
C) mode
D) standard deviation
E) mean
Answer:
Topic: Process Control Charts
Learning Outcome: Apply basic statistical process control (SPC) methods
33) What is the lower limit of R for sample sizes less than or equal to six?
A) -1
B) 6
C) 0
D) -6
E) 1
Answer:
Topic: Process Control Charts
Learning Outcome: Apply basic statistical process control (SPC) methods
34) In a variables control chart, which of the following is likely to occur if two points in succession are farther than two standard deviations from the mean?
A) erratic behavior
B) nonrandom event
C) process drift
D) natural variation
E) process run
Answer:
Topic: Process Control Charts
Learning Outcome: Apply basic statistical process control (SPC) methods
35) In a variables control chart, which of the following is likely to occur if five points are in succession, either all above or below the center line?
A) erratic behavior
B) nonrandom event
C) process drift
D) natural variation
E) process run
Answer:
Topic: Process Control Charts
Learning Outcome: Apply basic statistical process control (SPC) methods
36) In a variables control chart, which of the following is likely to occur if seven points, either increasing or decreasing, are in succession?
A) erratic behavior
B) nonrandom event
C) process drift
D) natural variation
E) process run
Answer:
Topic: Process Control Charts
Learning Outcome: Apply basic statistical process control (SPC) methods
37) In a variables control chart, which of the following is likely to occur if large jumps of more than three or four standard deviations take place?
A) erratic behavior
B) nonrandom event
C) process drift
D) natural variation
E) process run
Answer:
Topic: Process Control Charts
Learning Outcome: Apply basic statistical process control (SPC) methods
38) A ________ is used when data are geometrically distributed.
A) p chart
B) u chart
C) c chart
D) h chart
E) g chart
Answer:
Topic: Process Control Charts
Learning Outcome: Apply basic statistical process control (SPC) methods
39) A(n) ________ is used when data are hypergeometrically distributed.
A) p chart
B) u chart
C) c chart
D) h chart
E) g chart
Answer:
Topic: Process Control Charts
Learning Outcome: Apply basic statistical process control (SPC) methods
40) The ________ reflects a population distribution.
A) p chart
B) s chart
C) u chart
D) X chart
E) R chart
Answer:
Topic: Process Control Charts
Learning Outcome: Apply basic statistical process control (SPC) methods
41) Although charts generally are preferred for variables data, sometimes it is too time consuming or inconvenient to compute subgroup averages. In these cases, a(n) ________ is used.
A) chart
B) X chart
C) p chart
D) s chart
E) R chart
Answer:
Topic: Process Control Charts
Learning Outcome: Apply basic statistical process control (SPC) methods
42) The ________ is often used where variation in a process is small.
A) s chart
B) X chart
C) np chart
D) u chart
E) c chart
Answer:
Topic: Process Control Charts
Learning Outcome: Apply basic statistical process control (SPC) methods
43) ________ are often used in monitoring the production of silicon chips for computers.
A) X charts
B) c charts
C) np charts
D) R charts
E) s charts
Answer:
Topic: Process Control Charts
Learning Outcome: Apply basic statistical process control (SPC) methods
44) The ________ is used for monitoring variables and measurement on a continuous scale.
A) cusum chart
B) c chart
C) X chart
D) np chart
E) moving average chart
Answer:
Topic: Process Control Charts
Learning Outcome: Apply basic statistical process control (SPC) methods
45) The ________ uses past information to predict what the next process outcome will be.
A) np chart
B) u chart
C) moving average chart
D) cusum chart
E) p chart
Answer:
Topic: Process Control Charts
Learning Outcome: Apply basic statistical process control (SPC) methods
46) The ________ is used to identify slight but sustained shifts in a universe where there is no independence between observations.
A) cusum chart
B) moving average chart
C) s chart
D) np chart
E) R chart
Answer:
Topic: Process Control Charts
Learning Outcome: Apply basic statistical process control (SPC) methods
Use the following table to answer the question(s) below.
47) A machine shop owner wishes to monitor the diameter of an engine boring operation where the piston bore should be 4.25". He obtains 8 samples of 5 and records the data in the table above. What should the center line be for a chart that monitors process dispersion?
A) 0.50
B) 0.55
C) 0.60
D) 0.69
E) 0.80
Answer:
Topic: Process Control Charts
Learning Outcome: Apply basic statistical process control (SPC) methods
48) A machine shop owner wishes to monitor the diameter of an engine boring operation where the piston bore should be 4.25". He obtains 8 samples of 5 and records the data in the table above. What should the center line be for a chart that monitors process average?
A) 4.58
B) 4.66
C) 4.73
D) 4.78
E) 4.82
Answer:
Topic: Process Control Charts
Learning Outcome: Apply basic statistical process control (SPC) methods
49) A machine shop owner wishes to monitor the diameter of an engine boring operation where the piston bore should be 4.25". He obtains 8 samples of 5 and records the data in the table above. What should the lower and upper control limits be for an X-bar chart?
A) (5.00, 8.00)
B) (-1.50, 1.50)
C) (4.33, 5.12)
D) (0.00, 1.45)
E) (-5.10, 5.10)
Answer:
Topic: Process Control Charts
Learning Outcome: Apply basic statistical process control (SPC) methods
50) A machine shop owner wishes to monitor the diameter of an engine boring operation where the piston bore should be 4.25". He obtains 8 samples of 5 and records the data in the table above. What should the upper and lower control limits be for an R chart?
A) (5.00, 8.00)
B) (0.00, 2.50)
C) (4.33, 5.12)
D) (0.00, 1.45)
E) (-5.10, 5.10)
Answer:
Topic: Process Control Charts
Learning Outcome: Apply basic statistical process control (SPC) methods
Use the following table to answer the question(s) below.
51) Close tolerances are required in the manufacturing section of an automotive parts business. Since the customers demand quality, the owner wants to monitor the operation closely using statistical process control. After taking 8 samples of size 4, the owner records the data in the table above. What are the lower and upper limits for a chart that will monitor process dispersion?
A) (0.00, 1.85)
B) (0.00, 2.11)
C) (0.00, 2.28)
D) (0.00, 1.03)
E) (0.00, 1.45)
Answer:
Topic: Process Control Charts
Learning Outcome: Apply basic statistical process control (SPC) methods
52) Close tolerances are required in the manufacturing section of an automotive parts business. Since the customers demand quality, the owner wants to monitor the operation closely using statistical process control. After taking 8 samples of size 4, the owner finds himself with the data in the table above. What are the lower and upper limits for a chart that will monitor process average?
A) (99.68, 100.36)
B) (99.56, 100.21)
C) (99.41, 100.59)
D) (99.38, 100.82)
E) (99.99, 100.01)
Answer:
Topic: Process Control Charts
Learning Outcome: Apply basic statistical process control (SPC) methods
53) Close tolerances are required in the manufacturing section of an automotive parts business. Since the customers demand quality, the owner wants to monitor the operation closely using statistical process control. After taking 8 samples of size 4, the owner finds himself with the data in the table above. What is the center line for a chart that will monitor process dispersion?
A) 0.45
B) 0.30
C) 0.00
D) 0.75
E) cannot be determined from the information given
Answer:
Topic: Process Control Charts
Learning Outcome: Apply basic statistical process control (SPC) methods
54) Close tolerances are required in the manufacturing section of an automotive parts business. Since the customers demand quality, the owner wants to monitor the operation closely using statistical process control. After taking 8 samples of size 4, the owner finds himself with the data in the table above. What is the center line for a chart that will monitor process average?
A) 100.20
B) 102.00
C) 99.88
D) 98.00
E) cannot be determined from the information given
Answer:
Topic: Process Control Charts
Learning Outcome: Apply basic statistical process control (SPC) methods
55) ________ refers to the ability of a process to produce a product that meets specifications.
A) Process stability
B) Process attribute
C) Process variability
D) Process capability
E) Process conformance
Answer:
Topic: Process Capability for Variables
Learning Outcome: Apply basic statistical process control (SPC) methods
56) World-class levels of process capability are measured by ________ defect levels.
A) parts per million
B) parts per hundred thousand
C) parts per ten thousand
D) parts per thousand
E) parts per hundred
Answer:
Topic: Process Capability for Variables
Learning Outcome: Apply basic statistical process control (SPC) methods
57) The diameter of a mason jar is 3 inches but can be as large as 3.03 inches and as small as 2.97 inches. Twenty-five samples of mason jars are taken and it is discovered that these components have a grand mean of 3.01 inches and a standard deviation of 0.02 inches. What is the probability of producing a bad product?
A) 0.60
B) 0.18
C) 0.32
D) 0.45
E) 0.84
Answer:
Topic: Process Capability for Variables
Learning Outcome: Apply basic statistical process control (SPC) methods
58) A 50 volt battery must be between 55 and 45 volts when it leaves the factory. Two hundred samples of batteries have yielded the following data: average charge of 49 volts with a standard deviation of 2.5 volts. What is the process capability?
A) 0.06
B) 0.80
C) 0.53
D) 0.12
E) 0.38
Answer:
Topic: Process Capability for Variables
Learning Outcome: Apply basic statistical process control (SPC) methods
59) A 50 volt battery must be between 55 and 45 volts when it leaves the factory. Two hundred samples of batteries have yielded the following data: average charge of 49 volts with a standard deviation of 2.5 volts. What is the probability of producing an out-of-spec battery?
A) 0.06
B) 0.80
C) 0.53
D) 0.12
E) 0.32
Answer:
Topic: Process Capability for Variables
Learning Outcome: Apply basic statistical process control (SPC) methods
60) The diameter of a mason jar is 3 inches but can be as large as 3.03 inches and as small as 2.97 inches. Twenty five samples of mason jars are taken and it is discovered that these components have a grand mean of 3.01 inches and a standard deviation of 0.02 inches. What is the capability of this process?
A) 0.08
B) 0.16
C) 0.33
D) 0.49
E) 0.66
Answer:
Topic: Process Capability for Variables
Learning Outcome: Apply basic statistical process control (SPC) methods
61) The upper and lower specifications for metal head plates are 50.1 cm. A sample of the metal head plates in 25 undergraduates yields a mean of 5.05. We know that the population standard deviation is 0.04. What is the population capability index?
A) 2.15
B) 2.51
C) 1.25
D) 1.52
E) 0.42
Answer:
Topic: Process Capability for Variables
Learning Outcome: Apply basic statistical process control (SPC) methods
62) The upper and lower specifications for metal head plates are 50.1 cm. A sample of the metal head plates in 25 undergraduates yields a mean of 5.05. What is the population standard deviation if the population capability index is 1.666?
A) 0.01
B) 0.02
C) 0.03
D) 0.04
E) 0.05
Answer:
Topic: Process Capability for Variables
Learning Outcome: Apply basic statistical process control (SPC) methods
63) Statistical thinking is a decision-making skill demonstrated by the ability to draw conclusions based on data.
Answer:
Topic: Process Capability for Variables
Learning Outcome: Apply basic statistical process control (SPC) methods
64) Statistical thinking is based on the concept that understanding variation and increasing variation are important keys to success.
Answer:
Topic: Statistical Fundamentals
Learning Outcome: Apply basic statistical process control (SPC) methods
65) Statistical tools are deemed to fail because people have a poor understanding of the scientific method.
Answer:
Topic: Statistical Fundamentals
Learning Outcome: Apply basic statistical process control (SPC) methods
66) Statistical tools focus on causes rather than effects.
Answer:
Topic: Statistical Fundamentals
Learning Outcome: Apply basic statistical process control (SPC) methods
67) In the study of quality, Type I error is called consumer's risk.
Answer:
Topic: Statistical Fundamentals
Learning Outcome: Apply basic statistical process control (SPC) methods
68) Producer's risk is the probability that a nonconforming product will be available for sale.
Answer:
Topic: Statistical Fundamentals
Learning Outcome: Apply basic statistical process control (SPC) methods
69) Consumer's risk happens when statistical quality analysis fails to result in the scrapping or reworking of a defective product.
Answer:
Topic: Statistical Fundamentals
Learning Outcome: Apply basic statistical process control (SPC) methods
70) Nonrandom variation is centered on a mean and occurs with a consistent amount of dispersion.
Answer:
Topic: Statistical Fundamentals
Learning Outcome: Apply basic statistical process control (SPC) methods
71) Random variation is also referred to as uncontrollable variation.
Answer:
Topic: Statistical Fundamentals
Learning Outcome: Apply basic statistical process control (SPC) methods
72) Random variation results from an event such as a shift in a process mean or some unexpected occurrence.
Answer:
Topic: Statistical Fundamentals
Learning Outcome: Apply basic statistical process control (SPC) methods
73) Nonrandom variation results in a process that is not repeatable.
Answer:
Topic: Statistical Fundamentals
Learning Outcome: Apply basic statistical process control (SPC) methods
74) Process stability means that the variation observed in the process is nonrandom variation and not random variation.
Answer:
Topic: Statistical Fundamentals
Learning Outcome: Apply basic statistical process control (SPC) methods
75) Process charts are graphs designed to signal process workers when nonrandom variation is occurring in a process.
Answer:
Topic: Statistical Fundamentals
Learning Outcome: Apply basic statistical process control (SPC) methods
76) One hundred percent samples are also known as screening samples.
Answer:
Topic: Statistical Fundamentals
Learning Outcome: Apply basic statistical process control (SPC) methods
77) If a systematic sample is performed according to sequence, the product is inspected at regular intervals of time.
Answer:
Topic: Statistical Fundamentals
Learning Outcome: Apply basic statistical process control (SPC) methods
78) Statistical process control charts are tools for monitoring process variation.
Answer:
Topic: Process Control Charts
Learning Outcome: Apply basic statistical process control (SPC) methods
79) An attribute is a continuous measurement such as weight, height, or volume.
Answer:
Topic: Process Control Charts
Learning Outcome: Apply basic statistical process control (SPC) methods
80) X chart is an example of a variables chart.
Answer:
Topic: Process Control Charts
Learning Outcome: Apply basic statistical process control (SPC) methods
81) The first step in developing process control charts is to identify critical product characteristics.
Answer:
Topic: Process Control Charts
Learning Outcome: Apply basic statistical process control (SPC) methods
82) The central limit theorem states that when we plot the sample means, the sampling distribution approximates a normal distribution.
Answer:
Topic: Process Control Charts
Learning Outcome: Apply basic statistical process control (SPC) methods
83) The R chart is a process chart used to monitor the average of the characteristic being measured.
Answer:
Topic: Process Control Charts
Learning Outcome: Apply basic statistical process control (SPC) methods
84) The lower limit of R is zero for sample sizes less than or equal to six.
Answer:
Topic: Process Control Charts
Learning Outcome: Apply basic statistical process control (SPC) methods
85) In a variables control chart, five points in succession are called a process run.
Answer:
Topic: Process Control Charts
Learning Outcome: Apply basic statistical process control (SPC) methods
86) In a variables control chart, large jumps of more than three or four standard deviations result in process drift.
Answer:
Topic: Process Control Charts
Learning Outcome: Apply basic statistical process control (SPC) methods
87) A g chart is useful when data are hypergeometrically distributed.
Answer:
Topic: Process Control Charts
Learning Outcome: Apply basic statistical process control (SPC) methods
88) X chart limits are control limits and not natural limits.
Answer:
Topic: Process Control Charts
Learning Outcome: Apply basic statistical process control (SPC) methods
89) If it is too time consuming or inconvenient to compute subgroup averages, a median chart should be used.
Answer:
Topic: Process Control Charts
Learning Outcome: Apply basic statistical process control (SPC) methods
90) The s chart is often used where variation in a process is large.
Answer:
Topic: Process Control Charts
Learning Outcome: Apply basic statistical process control (SPC) methods
91) The cusum chart is used for monitoring variables and measurement on a continuous scale.
Answer:
Topic: Process Control Charts
Learning Outcome: Apply basic statistical process control (SPC) methods
92) The moving average chart uses past information to predict what the next process outcome will be.
Answer:
Topic: Process Control Charts
Learning Outcome: Apply basic statistical process control (SPC) methods
93) Control chart limits should be updated only when there is a change to the process.
Answer:
Topic: Process Control Charts
Learning Outcome: Apply basic statistical process control (SPC) methods
94) Process stability refers to the ability of a process to produce a product that meets specification.
Answer:
Topic: Process Capability for Variables
Learning Outcome: Apply basic statistical process control (SPC) methods
95) World-class levels of process capability are measured by parts per million defect levels.
Answer:
Topic: Process Capability for Variables
Learning Outcome: Apply basic statistical process control (SPC) methods
96) Quality practitioners should not compare process chart limits with product specifications.
Answer:
Topic: Process Capability for Variables
Learning Outcome: Apply basic statistical process control (SPC) methods
97) Processes that achieve capability indexes of 1.25 are world-class capable.
Answer:
Topic: Process Capability for Variables
Learning Outcome: Apply basic statistical process control (SPC) methods
98) A process is capable if only common variation is present in the process.
Answer:
Topic: Process Capability for Variables
Learning Outcome: Apply basic statistical process control (SPC) methods
99) Interlinking is useful in helping to identify causal relationships between variables.
Answer:
Topic: Other Statistical Techniques in Quality Management
Learning Outcome: Apply basic statistical process control (SPC) methods
100) What is the difference between random and nonrandom variation?
Answer: Random variation is centered on a mean and occurs with a somewhat consistent amount of dispersion. This type of variation cannot be controlled. Hence, we refer to it as "uncontrolled variation." Nonrandom or "special cause" variation results from some event. The event may be a shift in a process mean or some unexpected occurrence.
Topic: Statistical Fundamentals
Learning Outcome: Apply basic statistical process control (SPC) methods
101) Explain why random samples are difficult to achieve in a production environment.
Answer: In a process industry, multiple products are made by the same machines, workers, and processes in sequence. In this case, there is no statistical independence among observations because the process results in ordered products that can be subject to machine drift (going out of adjustment slowly over time).
Topic: Statistical Fundamentals
Learning Outcome: Apply basic statistical process control (SPC) methods
102) What is the difference between a variable and an attribute?
Answer: variable is a continuous measurement such as weight, height, or volume. In contrast, an attribute is an either-or situation. Examples of attributes include: The motor is either starting or not starting, or either the lens is scratched or it is not.
Topic: Process Control Charts
Learning Outcome: Apply basic statistical process control (SPC) methods
103) What are the steps used in developing process control charts?
Answer: Statistical process control charts (also referred to as process charts or control charts) are tools for monitoring process variation. Following are the steps used in developing process control charts:
• Identify critical operations in the process where inspection might be needed.
• Identify critical product characteristics.
• Determine whether the critical product characteristic is a variable or an attribute.
• Select the appropriate process control chart from among the many types of control charts.
• Establish the control limits and use the chart to continually monitor and improve.
• Update the limits when changes have been made to the process.
Topic: Process Control Charts
Learning Outcome: Apply basic statistical process control (SPC) methods
104) Design a control chart to monitor the gas mileage in your car. Collect the data over time.
Answer: The control chart would include an x-bar chart and an r-chart. A sample would be recorded every time you bought gas. The samples would be correlated, not independent. The student should comment on this.
Topic: Process Control Charts
Learning Outcome: Apply basic statistical process control (SPC) methods
105) Describe the purpose of an s chart.
Answer: The s chart or standard deviation chart is often used where variation in a process is small. For example, s charts are often used in monitoring the production of silicon chips for computers.
Topic: Process Control Charts
Learning Outcome: Apply basic statistical process control (SPC) methods
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******** ******** *********** *** ****** ***** 5e *************** ** ************* ***** Quality *********** *** Variables1) ******** ** * *************** skill ************ by *** ******* ** draw *********** based ** ****** **** ************** ******* ************** ******** ************* *********** ********** *********** modelingAnswer: ******* *********** FundamentalsLearning ******** ***** basic statistical ******* control ***** *********** ******** ** based ** *** ******* that *** **** ****** ** a ****** ** ************** *********** *********** thinkingB) *********** ********** Process benchmarkingD) Rational subgroupingE) **** ******************* ******* *********** FundamentalsLearning Outcome: ***** ***** *********** ******* ******* ***** methods 3) ********** risk ** also called * ******** errorA) type *** ************** **** IID) ************ *************** ******* Statistical ******************** ******** ***** ***** statistical process ******* ***** methods 4) Consumer's **** is **** called a ________ errorA) processingB) ************** **** **** ********** **** ******** ******* *********** FundamentalsLearning ******** Apply ***** *********** ******* ******* ***** methods 5) ******** ** *** probability that * **** product **** ** ********** Retailer's ****** Consumer's ****** ************** riskD) Management's ****** Producer's *********** ******* Statistical FundamentalsLearning ******** ***** ***** *********** ******* ******* ***** methods 6) ******** ** *** probability that * ************* ******* will ** ********* for ****** ********** ****** Consumer's riskC) ********** ****** ************ ****** ************** *********** ******* *********** ******************** ******** Apply ***** statistical ******* ******* ***** methods 7) ________ ******* **** *********** ******* ******** fails ** result ** *** ********* or ********* ** a ********* productA) ************ riskB) Producer's ****** ************** ****** Retailer's ****** ********** *********** ETopic: *********** FundamentalsLearning ******** ***** basic statistical process ******* ***** *********** ________ ********* is ******** ** * **** *** ****** with a ******** consistent amount ** ************ *********** ********** ************ ********** RandomAnswer: ******* *********** FundamentalsLearning ******** ***** ***** statistical process ******* (SPC) ************* ***** ** *** following is **** ** ****** variation?A) It has * ***** that *** ** ************ It *** ** easily controlledC) ** occurs with * ******** ********** ****** ** dispersionD) ** ******* in * process **** ** *** ************ ** ******* **** * shift ** * ******* **** or **** ********** ***************** ******* *********** FundamentalsLearning ******** ***** ***** *********** ******* ******* ***** ********** ******** variation results from **** ***** such as ***** ** * ******* **** ** **** unexpected ************ **************** NonrandomC) ************ ******** ***************** ******* *********** ******************** ******** ***** ***** *********** ******* control ***** ************ ***** of *** ********* is true of ********* ************ ** ** **************** ** is ******** ** * ****** ** occurs **** a ******** consistent amount of ************ ** results from * ***** ** a ******* **** or some unexpected occurrenceE) ** ******* ** * ******* **** ** ***************** ******* *********** FundamentalsLearning ******** ***** ***** statistical process ******* ***** methods 12) ******* ******** ***** **** *** ********* ** ******* in *** process ** ****** ********* *** not nonrandom *********** optimizationB) capabilityC) controlD) ************* stabilityAnswer: ******* Statistical ******************** ******** ***** ***** *********** process control ***** ************** ******* ********* ***** **** the ********* ** observe ** *** ******* ** ******** variationA) ********** specificC) ******** ************ **************** ******* *********** ******************** ******** ***** ***** *********** ******* ******* (SPC) ************ ** ****** **** processes *** ****** **** *** gathered ** ________A) ********* networksC) ********* ****** *********** ******* *********** ******************** ******** ***** basic *********** ******* ******* (SPC) methods15) ***** of the following ** *** *** of *** *********** ***** for one ******* ******* ********** ********* samplesB) ******* samplesC) ********** ********* ********* samplesE) *********** ************** ******* *********** FundamentalsLearning ******** ***** ***** statistical ******* ******* ***** ************ ******** ** ****** because ** ******* ************ ***** ************** ******* capabilityB) ************** Population ************** ******* *********** RandomizationAnswer: ETopic: *********** ******************** ******** ***** ***** *********** ******* ******* (SPC) ************** ** ******** ***** ** ****** ** **** * *** that ***** piece ** ******* has ** ***** ****** ** being selected for inspectionA) *********** ********** stabilizeD) ********* ************* ******* *********** FundamentalsLearning ******** ***** basic *********** ******* ******* ***** ************ ******* *** be ******** ********* ** **** ** ********* ** sequenceA) ******** **************** ************ ************ ***************** DTopic: *********** ******************** ******** Apply basic *********** process ******* ***** ************ * ________ ******** ** * group ** **** **** ** ********* ************* ********* ********** processD) ********** stableAnswer: ******* *********** ******************** ******** ***** ***** statistical process control ***** ********** ********* within *** data ** a ________ subgroup *** provide * yardstick *** ********* ****** on *** standard ********* ******* *********** processB) ********** ********* ******** *************** ******* *********** ******************** ******** ***** ***** statistical process ******* (SPC) ************** ________ *** ***** for ********** ******* *********** Pareto ******** ******* chartsC) ************ Scatter ********** **************** diagramsAnswer: ******* ******* ******* ************** ******** Apply ***** *********** ******* control (SPC) ************ **** ******** is * ********** *********** **** ** ****** height ** ******** ********** *********** paradigmD) criterionE) ************** ******* ******* Control ************** Outcome: ***** ***** statistical process control ***** ************ **** ******** is ** ******************* resulting **** * binomial processA) ********** paradigmC) *********** *********** ************** DTopic: ******* ******* ************** ******** ***** ***** *********** ******* ******* (SPC) methods 24) ***** ** *** ********* ** ** ******* ** * ********* ******** * chartB) * chartC) np ******* * chartE) * ************ ******* ******* ******* ChartsLearning ******** Apply ***** statistical ******* ******* ***** methods 25) ***** ** *** following ** ** ******* ** ** ********** ******** * ******* * ******* * ******* ** ******* X chartAnswer: ******* ******* ******* ************** ******** Apply basic statistical ******* control ***** ************ What ** *** ***** **** ** ********** ******* ******* ********* ******** ******** ******* ***************** select the appropriate ******* control ******* ********* ******* *** ******** product ************** ** * variable or ** *********** ******** ******** ********** ** the ********* ********* *** ******* ************* ******* Process ******* ChartsLearning ******** Apply basic statistical ******* ******* ***** ************ Process population ******* **** ***** ****** ***** *** standard ********* *** examples ** ________A) ************ variablesC) ********** criteriaE) **************** ******* Process Control ChartsLearning ******** Apply ***** *********** ******* control ***** ************ ********** defective ****** ********* number nonconforming ** * consistent ****** ***** *** ****** ******* *** **** *** ******** ** ________A) criteriaB) paradigmsC) ********** *********** ***************** ******* ******* ******* ************** ******** Apply basic statistical process control ***** methods 29) The ________ is * process ***** **** ** monitor *** average ** the ************** being ********** chartB) * chartC) * chartD) p ******* ** ************ ATopic: ******* Control ************** ******** Apply ***** *********** ******* control (SPC) ********** *** ******** ***** ** **** ** monitoring process ************ ******* c ******* * ******* * ******* * ************ ******* ******* ******* ************** ******** Apply ***** statistical ******* ******* (SPC) ************ *** chart ** * ******* ***** used to ******* *** ******** ** *** ************** ***** measuredA) rangeB) ********* modeD) ******** standard **************** ******* ******* Control ************** Outcome: Apply basic statistical process ******* ***** ************ *** ******** is the ********** between the ******* *********** *** *** ******** *********** ** a ********** ******** rangeB) medianC) modeD) ******** *********** *********** ATopic: Process ******* ChartsLearning Outcome: ***** ***** *********** ******* control ***** ************** What is *** ***** ***** of * for ****** ***** **** **** ** equal to ****** **** *** *** **** ******** ******* Process ******* ************** ******** ***** basic *********** ******* ******* (SPC) methods 34) In a ********* ******* chart ***** ** *** ********* is ****** to ***** ** *** points in ********** *** farther **** two standard deviations from the ******* erratic behaviorB) ********* ******* ******* ******* ******* *********** process ********** ******* ******* Control ************** ******** ***** ***** *********** ******* ******* (SPC) methods35) ** * variables ******* ***** ***** of *** ********* ** ****** ** ***** ** five ****** *** in succession ****** *** ***** ** below *** ****** ******* ******* ********** nonrandom eventC) ******* ******* ******* *********** ******* ********** ******* ******* ******* ************** Outcome: ***** ***** *********** ******* ******* ***** ************ ** * ********* ******* ***** ***** ** *** following ** ****** ** ***** ** seven ****** ****** ********** ** ********** are ** succession?A) ******* ********** nonrandom eventC) process ******* ******* *********** process ********** ******* ******* ******* ChartsLearning ******** Apply ***** *********** process ******* (SPC) ************** In * variables control ***** ***** ** *** following ** ****** to ***** ** ***** jumps of **** than three or **** standard ********** **** ******** erratic ********** ********* ******* process ******* ******* *********** ******* ********** ******* ******* ******* ************** ******** ***** ***** *********** process ******* ***** ************ A ******** ** **** **** **** *** ************* ************* p chartB) u ******* * ******* * ******* * ************ ******* ******* ******* ************** ******** ***** basic statistical ******* ******* ***** ************ **** ******** is used when **** *** hypergeometrically distributedA) * ******* * ******* c ******* h ******* * ************ DTopic: Process Control ************** ******** ***** ***** statistical ******* control ***** methods40) The ******** ******** * ********** ************** * ******* * chartC) u ******* X ******* * ************ ******* ******* ******* ChartsLearning ******** ***** ***** statistical ******* control ***** ************** ******** ****** ********* *** ********* *** variables data ********* it ** too **** consuming or ************ ** compute ******** ******** ** ***** cases **** ________ ** ****** ******* * ******* * ******* * chartE) * ************ ******* ******* ******* ************** ******** ***** ***** *********** ******* ******* ***** ************ The ******** ** often **** ***** variation in * ******* ** smallA) * ******* * ******* np ******* * chartE) c ************ ******* ******* ******* ************** ******** Apply ***** *********** ******* control (SPC) methods 43) ******** *** ***** used ** ********** *** ********** ** silicon ***** *** *********** * ******** c ******** ** ******** * ******** * ************* ETopic: ******* ******* ChartsLearning ******** ***** ***** *********** process control ***** ************ *** ******** ** used *** ********** ********* and measurement on a continuous ******* cusum ******* * chartC) X chartD) ** ******* ****** ******* ************ ETopic: ******* Control ChartsLearning ******** Apply ***** statistical process ******* ***** methods 45) *** ******** **** past *********** ** ******* **** *** next ******* outcome **** **** np ******* * chartC) ****** ******* chartD) ***** chartE) p ************ ******* Process ******* ************** Outcome: ***** ***** statistical ******* ******* ***** methods 46) *** ******** ** **** ** ******** ****** *** ********* shifts ** a ******** ***** there ** ** ************ ******* ************** ***** ******* moving ******* ******* s chartD) ** chartE) * ************ ATopic: ******* ******* ChartsLearning Outcome: ***** ***** *********** ******* ******* ***** ************ *** ********* ***** ** ****** *** *********** ********** * ******* **** owner wishes ** ******* *** diameter of an ****** boring ********* ***** the piston **** ****** ** 425" ** ******* 8 ******* ** * *** ******* the **** ** *** ***** ***** **** should the center **** ** *** * chart that ******** process dispersion?A) 050B) ***** 060D) 069E) 080Answer: ******* Process Control ChartsLearning Outcome: ***** ***** *********** ******* ******* (SPC) ************ * ******* **** ***** ****** ** ******* *** diameter ** ** ****** ****** ********* ***** the ****** bore ****** ** 425" He ******* * samples ** 5 *** ******* *** **** ** the ***** above What ****** the ****** **** be *** * ***** **** ******** ******* ********** 458B) ***** ***** ***** ********** CTopic: ******* ******* ************** ******** ***** ***** *********** ******* ******* ***** ************ * ******* **** ***** ****** ** ******* *** ******** ** an ****** ****** ********* ***** *** ****** bore should ** **** ** ******* * ******* ** 5 *** ******* *** **** ** the table ***** What ****** the ***** *** upper ******* ****** ** *** ** ***** ******** (500 ****** (-150 ****** **** ****** (000 ****** (-510 *********** ******* ******* ******* ************** ******** ***** ***** *********** ******* ******* (SPC) methods 50) A machine **** ***** ****** ** monitor *** diameter ** an ****** ****** ********* ***** *** ****** **** ****** ** **** He ******* * samples ** 5 *** ******* the **** ** *** table above What ****** *** ***** *** ***** ******* limits be *** ** * ******** (500 ****** **** ****** **** ****** **** ****** ***** 510)Answer: ******* ******* ******* ************** ******** Apply ***** statistical ******* ******* (SPC) ************ *** ********* ***** ** ****** *** *********** ********** ***** tolerances *** ******** ** the ************* section ** ** ********** ***** business Since the ********* ****** ******* the ***** ***** ** ******* *** operation closely using *********** ******* ******* ***** taking 8 ******* ** size * the ***** ******* the **** ** the ***** ***** **** are *** ***** *** upper ****** *** * ***** **** **** ******* process ************* (000 ****** (000 ****** (000 ****** **** ****** **** *********** ******* ******* ******* ************** ******** Apply ***** *********** process ******* (SPC) ************ Close ********** *** ******** ** *** manufacturing section ** ** ********** ***** ******** ***** the ********* demand ******* *** owner ***** ** ******* *** ********* ******* ***** *********** ******* ******* After ****** * ******* ** **** 4 *** ***** ***** ******* **** *** **** ** the table above **** *** *** lower and ***** limits for a ***** **** **** ******* process average?A) ***** ******** ***** ******** ***** ******** ***** 10082)E) ***** ************* BTopic: Process Control ************** ******** ***** ***** *********** ******* ******* ***** methods 53) ***** ********** are ******** in the ************* section of ** ********** ***** ******** ***** *** ********* ****** ******* the owner ***** to monitor the ********* closely ***** *********** process ******* ***** ****** * ******* ** size * *** ***** ***** ******* with *** data ** *** ***** ***** **** ** *** center **** for * ***** that **** monitor ******* ************* ***** ***** 000D) 075E) ****** ** ********** **** *** *********** ************ ATopic: ******* ******* ************** Outcome: ***** ***** statistical ******* ******* ***** ********** ***** tolerances are ******** ** the ************* ******* ** ** ********** ***** ******** ***** the ********* ****** quality the owner ***** ** ******* *** ********* ******* ***** *********** ******* ******* ***** taking * samples ** size * *** ***** finds ******* **** *** **** ** *** table ***** What ** the center line *** * ***** **** **** monitor process ********** ******* ******* 9988D) 9800E) cannot be ********** from the *********** ************ CTopic: ******* Control ChartsLearning ******** ***** ***** statistical process ******* (SPC) ************ ******** ****** to *** ability ** a process ** ******* * product that ***** **************** Process *********** ******* *********** ******* ************* Process ************ ******* ****************** ******* ******* ********** for VariablesLearning Outcome: ***** basic *********** ******* ******* (SPC) ************ World-class ****** of ******* ********** *** ******** ** ******** ****** levelsA) ***** per ********* ***** per ******* ********** ***** *** ten thousandD) ***** *** ********** ***** *** ************** ATopic: ******* Capability for ***************** ******** ***** ***** *********** ******* ******* ***** ************** *** ******** of a ***** *** ** 3 ****** *** *** ** as large as 303 ****** *** ** ***** ** 297 ****** *********** ******* ** ***** jars are taken *** ** is ********** that ***** ********** **** * ***** **** of *** ****** *** * ******** ********* ** 002 ****** **** ** *** *********** of ********* * bad ********** ***** 018C) ***** ***** ********** ******* Process ********** for ***************** ******** ***** basic *********** ******* ******* (SPC) methods58) * 50 **** ******* must ** between ** and ** ***** **** ** ****** the factory *** ******* ******* of ********* **** ******* *** following data: ******* ****** ** ** volts **** * ******** ********* ** ** ***** **** ** the ******* capability?A) ***** 080C) ***** ***** ********** CTopic: ******* Capability *** VariablesLearning ******** Apply ***** *********** ******* ******* (SPC) ************ * 50 volt battery **** ** ******* ** *** 45 ***** when ** ****** *** ******* Two hundred samples ** batteries **** ******* the following data: average ****** ** ** ***** **** * standard ********* ** 25 ***** **** is the *********** ** ********* an out-of-spec ********** ***** ***** 053D) 012E) 032Answer: ATopic: ******* ********** *** VariablesLearning ******** Apply ***** *********** ******* ******* (SPC) ************** The diameter of * mason jar ** * inches *** *** ** ** ***** ** *** ****** *** ** small ** *** inches Twenty five ******* ** mason **** are ***** and it ** discovered that ***** ********** have * ***** mean ** *** ****** and * standard deviation ** 002 inches What is the capability ** this process?A) ***** 016C) ***** ***** ********** CTopic: ******* Capability for ***************** ******** ***** ***** *********** ******* control (SPC) methods 61) The upper *** lower ************** *** ***** **** ****** *** 501 ** * ****** ** *** metal **** plates in ** undergraduates ****** a **** ** *** ** **** that the ********** ******** ********* ** *** What ** the population ********** ******** ***** ***** ***** ***** ********** ******* ******* ********** *** ***************** Outcome: ***** ***** statistical ******* ******* ***** ********** *** ***** *** lower specifications *** ***** **** ****** *** *** cm * sample ** *** metal **** ****** ** ** undergraduates ****** * **** ** *** **** ** *** ********** ******** ********* ** the population ********** ***** ** 1666?A) ***** ***** ***** ***** ********** ******* ******* Capability *** VariablesLearning Outcome: ***** ***** statistical ******* control ***** ************ *********** ******** ** a *************** ***** demonstrated by *** ******* ** draw *********** ***** ** dataAnswer: TRUETopic: ******* ********** *** VariablesLearning ******** ***** ***** *********** ******* ******* ***** ************** Statistical thinking ** ***** ** the ******* **** understanding ********* *** ********** ********* *** important keys ** ************** *********** *********** ******************** ******** ***** basic *********** ******* ******* (SPC) ************ *********** ***** *** ****** ** **** because people **** a **** ************* ** *** ********** methodAnswer: TRUETopic: *********** FundamentalsLearning Outcome: ***** basic statistical process control ***** ************ *********** tools focus ** causes rather than effectsAnswer: *********** *********** ******************** ******** Apply basic *********** ******* control ***** methods 67) ** *** study ** ******* **** * ***** ** ****** ********** *********** *********** Statistical FundamentalsLearning ******** ***** basic *********** ******* ******* (SPC) methods 68) ********** **** ** *** *********** **** * ************* ******* **** ** ********* for *********** FALSETopic: *********** ******************** ******** ***** ***** statistical ******* ******* (SPC) ************ Consumer's risk happens **** *********** quality ******** fails to ****** ** *** ********* ** reworking ** a ********* ************** ********** *********** FundamentalsLearning ******** Apply ***** *********** ******* ******* (SPC) ********** Nonrandom ********* is ******** on * **** and occurs **** * ********** amount ** dispersionAnswer: *********** *********** FundamentalsLearning ******** ***** ***** statistical ******* ******* ***** ************ Random ********* is also ******** ** ** ************** **************** ********** *********** FundamentalsLearning ******** ***** ***** *********** ******* control (SPC) methods 72) ****** ********* ******* **** an event **** ** a ***** ** * process **** or **** ********** ***************** FALSETopic: Statistical FundamentalsLearning ******** Apply ***** *********** ******* ******* ***** ************ ********* variation ******* ** * ******* **** is *** ***************** ********** Statistical ******************** ******** ***** basic *********** ******* ******* (SPC) methods 74) ******* ********* ***** **** *** variation ******** ** the process is ********* ********* *** *** ****** **************** FALSETopic: *********** ******************** ******** Apply ***** *********** process ******* ***** ************ ******* ****** are ****** ******** to signal ******* ******* **** ********* variation ** ********* in a ************** TRUETopic: *********** FundamentalsLearning ******** Apply ***** *********** ******* ******* ***** ************ One ******* percent ******* *** **** ***** ** screening ************** TRUETopic: *********** FundamentalsLearning Outcome: ***** basic *********** ******* ******* ***** ************ ** a systematic ****** is ********* according ** ******** the ******* is ********* ** ******* ********* ** timeAnswer: FALSETopic: *********** FundamentalsLearning ******** Apply basic statistical process control (SPC) ************ *********** ******* control ****** *** ***** *** ********** process **************** ********** ******* ******* ************** Outcome: Apply ***** *********** ******* control ***** methods79) ** ********* is * continuous *********** **** as weight height ** ************* *********** ******* Control ************** ******** ***** ***** *********** ******* ******* ***** ************** * ***** is an ******* of a variables ************ ********** Process Control ************** ******** ***** ***** *********** process control ***** ************ The ***** **** in ********** ******* control ****** is ** identify ******** product ********************** FALSETopic: Process ******* ************** Outcome: ***** ***** *********** process ******* (SPC) ************ *** central ***** ******* ****** **** **** ** **** the ****** ***** the sampling distribution approximates * normal ******************* ********** Process ******* ************** ******** ***** ***** *********** ******* ******* (SPC) ************ The R ***** ** * ******* ***** **** ** ******* *** average ** the ************** ***** *************** *********** ******* ******* ChartsLearning ******** ***** basic *********** ******* ******* (SPC) ************ *** ***** ***** ** * is **** *** ****** ***** **** than or equal ** sixAnswer: ********** ******* Control ************** ******** ***** ***** *********** ******* ******* ***** ************ ** * ********* control ***** **** ****** ** ********** *** ****** a ******* ********** TRUETopic: Process ******* ************** ******** ***** basic *********** process ******* ***** ************ ** * variables control chart ***** ***** ** **** than ***** ** **** ******** deviations ****** in ******* driftAnswer: *********** ******* Control ************** ******** Apply basic *********** ******* ******* ***** ************ A g ***** is ****** **** data *** hypergeometrically ****************** *********** ******* ******* ************** Outcome: ***** ***** *********** ******* ******* (SPC) methods 88) * ***** ****** are control ****** *** not ******* ************* *********** ******* ******* ************** Outcome: ***** ***** statistical ******* ******* (SPC) ********** If ** ** *** **** consuming ** ************ ** ******* ******** ******** * ****** ***** should ** usedAnswer: ********** ******* ******* ChartsLearning ******** Apply ***** *********** ******* ******* (SPC) ************ *** * chart is often **** where ********* in * ******* ** largeAnswer: *********** Process ******* ************** ******** ***** ***** statistical process ******* (SPC) ************ *** cusum ***** ** **** *** monitoring ********* *** *********** on a continuous ************ *********** ******* ******* ChartsLearning ******** ***** basic *********** ******* control ***** ************ *** moving ******* ***** **** past *********** to ******* **** the next ******* ******* **** ********* TRUETopic: ******* ******* ************** Outcome: ***** ***** *********** ******* control (SPC) ************ ******* ***** ****** should ** ******* **** when ***** ** * ****** ** the ************** ********** ******* ******* ************** ******** Apply basic *********** ******* control ***** ************ ******* stability ****** ** *** ******* of * ******* ** ******* * ******* **** ***** ******************** FALSETopic: Process Capability *** ***************** ******** Apply basic *********** ******* control ***** ************ *********** ****** of ******* ********** are measured ** ***** *** ******* ****** ************* ********** ******* Capability *** ***************** Outcome: ***** ***** statistical ******* control ***** methods 96) Quality ************* ****** *** ******* ******* chart ****** with ******* ********************* ********** ******* ********** for ***************** ******** Apply basic *********** ******* ******* (SPC) ************ ********* **** achieve ********** ******* ** *** *** world-class capableAnswer: *********** Process Capability *** VariablesLearning ******** Apply basic *********** process control (SPC) ************ * ******* ** ******* ** **** ****** variation ** ******* in *** ************** *********** Process ********** *** ***************** ******** ***** ***** *********** ******* ******* ***** ********** ************ ** ****** in ******* ** ******** ****** ************* ******* **************** ********** ***** *********** ********** in ******* ****************** ******** ***** basic statistical process ******* ***** methods 100) **** is *** ********** ******* ****** *** ********* variation?Answer: ****** variation ** ******** ** * **** *** occurs **** * ******** ********** ****** of dispersion This **** ** ********* ****** be controlled ***** ** ***** to ** ** "uncontrolled ********** ********* ** "special ****** ********* ******* from **** ***** *** ***** may ** * ***** ** a ******* **** ** **** ********** **************** *********** ******************** Outcome: ***** basic statistical ******* ******* ***** ************* ******* *** random ******* *** ********* ** ******* in * production ****************** In a ******* ******** multiple products are **** by the same ******** ******* *** ********* ** sequence ** this **** ***** ** no *********** ************ among ************ because *** ******* ******* ** ordered ******** **** *** ** subject ** machine ***** ****** *** ** adjustment slowly **** time)Topic: *********** ******************** ******** Apply ***** *********** process ******* ***** ************* What ** *** difference between * variable and ** attribute?Answer: A ******** ** * ********** measurement such ** ****** ****** ** ****** ** contrast ** attribute ** an either-or ********* ******** of ********** include: The ***** ** ****** ******** ** not ******** ** ****** *** **** ** scratched or ** is ********* ******* ******* ************** ******** ***** ***** statistical ******* ******* (SPC) *************** **** *** *** steps **** ** ********** ******* ******* ************** Statistical ******* control ****** ***** ******** ** ** process ****** ** ******* ******* *** tools for ********** ******* ********* Following *** the steps **** ** ********** ******* ******* ********** Identify ******** ********** ** *** process where ********** ***** ** ********* ******** ******** ******* ****************** ********* ******* *** ******** ******* characteristic ** * variable or ** ************ ****** *** appropriate ******* ******* chart from ***** the many ***** ** control ********* Establish *** ******* ****** *** *** *** ***** ** continually ******* *** ********** Update *** ****** when ******* **** **** **** ** *** ************* Process ******* ************** ******** ***** ***** *********** process ******* ***** ************* ****** * ******* ***** ** ******* the gas ******* in **** car ******* *** **** **** timeAnswer: *** control chart ***** ******* ** ***** ***** *** an ******* A sample ***** ** ******** ***** **** *** bought *** The ******* would ** ********** *** *********** *** student ****** ******* ** thisTopic: Process Control ************** ******** ***** ***** *********** ******* control ***** *********** ******** the ******* ** ** * ************ *** * ***** ** ******** deviation chart ** ***** **** where ********* ** a process ** ***** For ******* * charts are ***** used in monitoring *** ********** ** ******* chips *** computersTopic: Process ******* ************** ******** Apply basic *********** process ******* ***** *******
