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QUESTION

# At 27°C and 1 atm, 20% of N2O4 dissociated into NO2 as shown below. Determine partial pressure and equilibrium constant, kp N2O4 (g) &lt;&gt; 2NO2 (g) (Assume that the number of mole of N2O4 before dissociation is 1 mole)?

Here's what I got.

So, you're dealing with an equilibrium reaction between nitrogen tetroxide, "N"_2"O"_4, and nitrogen dioxide, "NO"_2

"N"_2"O"_text(4(g]) rightleftharpoons color(red)(2)"NO"_text(2(g])

Looking at the equilibrium reaction, it's important to realize what the 1:color(red)(2) that exists between the two gases means.

For every mole of nitrogen tetroxide that dissociates, the reaction produces color(red)(2) moles of nitrogen dioxide. This means that regardless of how many moles of nitrogen tetroxide dissociate, the reaction will always produce two times more moles of nitrogen dioxide.

So, you know that you're starting with 1 mole of nitrogen tetroxide and that 20% dissociates to form nitrogen dioxide. So, what does that tell you?

For every 100 moles of nitrogen tetroxide, 20 moles will dissociate and 80 moles will remain undissociated, i.e. as nitrogen tetroxide.

This means that out of 1 mole, you will have

1 color(red)(cancel(color(black)("mole N"_2"O"_4))) * "20 moles dissociate"/(100color(red)(cancel(color(black)("moles N"_2"O"_4)))) = "0.2 moles N"_2"O"_4

that will dissociate to form nitrogen dioxide. Using the aforementioned mole ratio, this will result in

0.20color(red)(cancel(color(black)("moles N"_2"O"_4))) * (color(red)(2)" moles NO"_2)/(1color(red)(cancel(color(black)("mole N"_2"O"_4)))) = "0.40 moles NO"_2

produced by the equilibrium reaction. So, at equilibrium, the reaction vessel will contain

• 0.80 moles of "N"_2"O"_4 -> left undissociated
• 0.40 moles of "NO"_2 -> formed by the reaction

Now, the total pressure of the mixture is said to be equal to "1 atm". As you know, each component of a gaseous mixture will contribute to the total pressure proportionally to its mole fraction - this is known as Dalton's Law of Partial Pressures.

In your case, fractions of the two gases will be

chi_(N_2O_4) = (0.80 color(red)(cancel(color(black)("moles"))))/( (0.80 + 0.40) color(red)(cancel(color(black)("moles")))) = 2/3

chi_(NO_2) = (0.40 color(red)(cancel(color(black)("moles"))))/((0.80 + 0.40) color(red)(cancel(color(black)("moles")))) = 1/3

This means that you have

P_(N_2O_4) = chi_(N_2O_4) xx P_"total"

P_(N_2O_4) = 2/3 * "1 atm" = color(green)(2/3 "atm")

and

P(NO_2) = 1/3 * "1 atm" = color(green)(1/3"atm")

By definition, K_p will be equal to

K_p = ( ("NO"_2)^color(red)(2))/(("N"_2"O"_4)) = (1/3)^color(red)(2) "atm"^2* 3/2 "atm"^(-1) = 1/9 * 3/2"atm" = color(green)(1/6" atm")