Changes in filtrate ________ take place in the nephrons. a) volume b) temperature c) osmolarity d) A and B e) A and C 2.

1.Changes in filtrate ________ take place in the nephrons. 

a) volume 

b) temperature 

c) osmolarity 

d) A and B 

e) A and C 

2.The portion of the nephron which primarily creates dilute filtrate is the __________

 a) proximal convoluted tubule 

b) collecting duct 

c) ascending limb of the loop of Henle 

d) Bowman's capsule 

e) distal convoluted tubule 

3.When vasopressin levels are low 

a) water permeability is high in the distal tubule and collecting duct. 

b) levels of aquaporin-2 (AQP2) molecules in cytoplasmic storage vesicle membranes are relatively low. 

c) levels of aquaporin-2 (AQP2) molecules in apical membranes are relatively high. d) all of the above 

e) none of the above 

 4.Changes in plasma osmotic pressure would affect the levels of __________ in the blood.  

a) TSH b) ACTH c) oxytocin d) LH e) ADH  

5.Factors that increase the secretion of ADH include a) increased concentration of sodium ions in the ECF. b) decreased renal blood flow. c) increased osmolarity of the ECF. d) water deprivation. e) all of the above  

6.When venous return is increased, stretch receptors in the atria of the heart are activated. This triggers a) decreased urine production. b) increased glomerular filtration. c) inhibition of ADH secretion. d) increased thirst. e) B and C.