Chapter 6 - Memory How do we define memory? What is prospective vs retroactive memory?

Chapter 6 – Memory

How do we define memory? What is prospective vs retroactive memory?

Know the information processing model:

    Name the three processes and explain what they are.

What are the three different storages for memory? How are they different? Which are temporary and which are relatively permanent?

What are the two different retrieval tasks? What are some retrieval cues?

What is meant by the “serial position effect”?

Know these terms:

    Echoic memory

    Iconic memory

    Declarative (explicit) memory

    Episodic memory

    Semantic memory

    Flashbulb memory

    Non-declarative (implicit) memory

    Schemas

Elaboration, Chunking, Maintenance Rehearsal, and Deep Processing all improve our memory in different ways. What are these terms and how do they improve memory?

What factors contribute to the unreliability of eyewitness testimony? Whose research has been influential regarding eyewitness testimony?

What is memory trace theory?

What is the difference between retrograde amnesia and anterograde amnesia?

Chapter 8 – Development

How do we define development?

What’s the difference between a cross-sectional and a longitudinal study?

From a developmental psychology standpoint, what do we mean by:

    Nature

    Nurture

    Resilience

    Protective Factors

    Temperament

    Assimilation

    Accommodation

    Schemas

    Attachment

What is a gene? What does it mean for a gene to be dominant or recessive?

What period is considered prenatal development?

    What are critical periods? What are teratogens?

What is the difference between a monozygotic and dizygotic twin?

Be familiar with the kinds of changes that occur during infancy, adolescence, adulthood (e.g. the body, the brain, motor skills, etc.).

Be able to describe Jean Piaget’s developmental stage theory.

    Sensorimotor

    Preoperational

    Concrete Operational

    Formal Operational

What are the four crises that related with the last four stages Erik Erikson’s psychosocial development model?

What are the four attachment styles described by Ainsworth?

What are Baumrind’s four parenting styles?

What are Kohlberg’s three levels of moral development?