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Complete 2 page APA formatted essay: Identify and describe the theories of:1.Ethical Egoism 2.Psychological Egoism.The former, the strong thesis of ethical egoism, refers to the thought that, in all c
Complete 2 page APA formatted essay: Identify and describe the theories of:1.Ethical Egoism 2.Psychological Egoism.
The former, the strong thesis of ethical egoism, refers to the thought that, in all cases, it is always right to act in one’s own self-interest and always wrong to act against one’s own self-interest. The latter, the weak thesis of ethical egoism, refers to the thought that although right in all cases to act for one’s own good, i
t may not always be the case that it is wrong to act against it (Baier, 1991). That is, there always exists the possibility of a state of affairs in which the moral agent must, to some degree, act despite one’s own welfare.
Complementary to the ethical egoist view is that of psychological egoism. The latter is less like an ethical theory than it is a psychological thesis. It says, namely, that all human action is directed at self-interest, despite the appearances of altruistic intentions. In other words, while it may appear that an individual is helping his new neighbors move in “out of the goodness of his heart”, he is actually doing it so that he may “get on their good side” or expect a favor of them later on. It appears, however, that the thesis of psychological egoism, inasmuch as it is empirically based, commits a hasty generalization fallacy. It is a misleading notion and a childish oversimplification. It cynically adheres to the belief that people can only be motivated by self-interest, when, in actuality, human beings can quite clearly be driven by lower-level emotions that are quite different from self-interest.
Thus, while ethical egoism is a normative claim (that we ought to maximize our self-interests), psychological egoism seems factual (that people are motive only by self-interest). As a result, the latter doctrine is burdened by additional commitments to a knowable “human nature” that is, by its essence, selfish. Ethical egoism, on the other hand, allows for us to act selflessly at some times, but the theory
