Complete 3 pages APA formatted article: Building Cost Estimation and Calculation of Construction Profit.

Complete 3 pages APA formatted article: Building Cost Estimation and Calculation of Construction Profit. Item rate contracts

Sources of profit specific to item rate contracts:

1. Profit as a percentage of each executed item from tender. Contractors try to reduce low-margin items and increase high-margin items.

2. Profit from sub-contractors.

3. Profit from administrative reimbursable expenses borne by client.

4. Profit from delays caused due to client, or design changes.

Cost plus fee or Cost plus percentage contracts

Sources of profit in cost plus fee contracts:

1. Profit as a percentage of expenditure. Higher the project cost, higher the profit.

2. Profit from efficient material purchase. Material is bought low and contractor's fee is calculated as a percentage of a higher material cost. Profit from material and from administrative charges. Not possible if material bought by client.

Labour contracts

1. Profit from labour.

2. Profit from administration, site office and other reimbursable expenses.

Design-Build Contracts.

Sources of profit in Design-build contracts:

1. Profit on design services.

2. Ability to maximise profit through influencing the design process.

3. Reduction in costs through better coordination and streamlining of execution.

4. Control of costs through easy and efficient tracking of changes and adaptability to change.

PFI (Private Finance Initiative) or BOT (Build Operate Transfer) contracts:

The only way for contractors executing such projects it to maximise revenue by operating the project for a specified period of time that is deemed to be sufficient for the contractor to recoup expenses and a reasonable profit. Such contracts are given for large public projects like roads or power plants.

In conclusion, a contractor has two avenues of maximizing profit from a project. direct and indirect methods.