Complete 4 page APA formatted essay: Problem Solving Strategies and Decision Making in Health Care.Download file to see previous pages... Problem Solving Strategies The strategies for problem solving

Complete 4 page APA formatted essay: Problem Solving Strategies and Decision Making in Health Care.

Problem Solving Strategies The strategies for problem solving include hypothesis testing, pattern recognition, specific instance or general prototypes. Hypothesis Testing and Pattern Recognition Problem solving depends on the clinician’s mastery in a certain field i.e. Chest pains (Patel and Groen, 1986). This is contrary to the hypothetico-deductive model of clinical reasoning that alludes that inexperienced paramedics use hypothetical testing (Chapman and Sonnenberg, 2000. Patel and Groen, 1986). The variability of the efficiency of clinicians’ actions indicates that they do not apply the same reasoning and procedures when undertaking their roles. Hypothesis testing is a crucial process applied by experienced clinicians in difficult situations that requires application of personal expertise. By Specific Instance or General Prototypes A new case is often categorised based on matching the various cases to the specific instances or related to an abstract prototype. In the specific instance, the case is normally categorised through reference to the memories of the previously occurrences (Brooks, Norman and Allen, 1991. Rote and Dunstan, 2011). This principle is supported by the fact that clinical diagnosis is normally affected by the context. For instance, the viscosity of the phlegm produced when a patients coughs is crucial in the determination of clinical diagnosis. The prototype model holds the idea that the clinical experience leads to the construction of the mental models, abstractions and prototypes (Bordage, 1999: Brooks, Norman, and Allen, 1991). For instance, the model can be applied in the identification of the additional methods that enhances a clinical picture and relate the findings to the general concept of the case. Decision Making Diagnosis as an Opinion Revision Application of the theory of decision making in selecting a diagnosis involves updating the opinion with the clinical evidence (Hunink et al, 2001). The most viable theory in this case is the Bayes theory whereby the probability applied is related to the known dynamics of the prevalence of the condition and the clinician’s subjective impression (Schwartz, 2001. Elstein and Schwarz, 2002). Estimating the occurrence of a problem involves of the estimation of probability. Errors Encountered In the Estimation of Probability One of the errors is related to availability. Clinicians may sometimes overestimate the frequency of the invisible events while underestimating other crucial events that are difficult to recall. For instance, diseases that receive considerable attention from clinicians are thought of occurring more prevalently than the ones that receive less. The psychological aspect of the principle of availability is clinically exemplified by the existence overemphasis of the rare conditions as they are normally memorable compared to the rare ones. Another error encountered is the representativeness that estimates the disease probability through judging how similar case is to a prototype or diagnostic category (Grigorenko, 2009. Walsh, Crumbie and Reveley, 2001). When treating a patient, the clinician is supposed to perform superiority or apply superior skills compared to the novices and intermediates. The paramedics are required to understand the medical processes used in the diagnosis and treatment of the problem.