Compose a 2000 words essay on Developmental theories and self. Needs to be plagiarism free!Download file to see previous pages... Attachment theory of John Bowlby worked in the favor of children becau

Compose a 2000 words essay on Developmental theories and self. Needs to be plagiarism free!

Attachment theory of John Bowlby worked in the favor of children because it focused on giving them attention in order to give them a thriving future. He described four key components of attachment that are safe heaven, secure base, and proximity maintenance and separation distress. In safe heaven, if a child is threatened he returns to the caregiver for comfort or soothing. In secure base, the caregiver provides a secure base for exploring the world. In proximity maintenance, the child struggles to stay near the caregiver. In separation distress, a child is upset and distresses when he is separated from his caregiver. Mary Ainsworth further expanded the work of John Bowlby and said that the attachment styles have their impacts on the later behaviors in a child’s life. In Secure Attachment Style, children are sorrowful when they separate from their parents but become happy when their parents return. Moreover, they are always sure of the return of their parents if they leave. In Ambivalent Attachment Style, children become very distressed when their caregivers leave because they cannot depend on them to be there in the time of need. This usually happens due to absence of maternal parent. In Avoidant Attachment Style, children do not find much difference between a caregiver and a stranger and do not seek for the help of their parents in the time of need because their parents usually give them punishment for this. (Fairbairn, pp. 109-167, 1954). The theories of both the psychologists have proved to be very helpful for parents in understanding the behavior of children. These have also urged parents to give their attention to the children so that children do not suffer in the later stages of life with low self-esteem, married life problems etc. Freud’s Id, the Ego and the Super Ego Freud said there are three levels of a person’s psyche that are id, the ego, and the super ego. Id is present in all people and it is similar for all people because Id works by pleasure principle, it is a pleasure-seeking principle. It says that one should try to accomplish pleasure and avoid pain by any way it can. It does not care about others but wants to please its urges by any means. Ego is the part of psyche that is partly conscious.