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Compose a 8000 words essay on The Role of Mindfulness, Personality and Negative Effect in Relation to Substance use. Needs to be plagiarism free!Download file to see previous pages... Research finding

Compose a 8000 words essay on The Role of Mindfulness, Personality and Negative Effect in Relation to Substance use. Needs to be plagiarism free!

Download file to see previous pages...

Research findings indicated that there is a significant negative link between mindfulness and negative effect. The implications for substance abuse and treatment of substance abuse are relevant insofar as mindfulness therapy can sufficiently help substance users cope with and avoid negative effect. Thus future research can be more useful in testing the effect of mindfulness therapy on the negative effect associated with substance use. Future research should also be conducted on mindfulness, personality and negative effect prior to and after substance abuse to more clearly identify and explain the relationship. 1. Introduction 1.1. Background and Overview of Research Problem Mindfulness which refers to the ability to deliberately pay attention to and be aware of one’s on-going experiences, is said to be linked to substance abuse in an indirect way (Leigh, Bowen &amp. Marlatt, 2005). Mindfulness is a state of heightened consciousness and as such an individual’s level of mindfulness might contribute to how both the mind and the body functions under stress and in general (Black, 2012). For example, an individual with little or low levels of mindfulness might be considered impulsive. ...

The acquisition of mindfulness skills has now become a part of substance abuse therapies for learning to cope with the urge to use substances and relapsing. It is believed that since mindfulness focuses on accepting the present experience and addiction involves the persistent need to escape the present and thus facilitates urges to use substances, mindfulness skills can help users overcome these urges (Appel &amp. Kim-Appel, 2009). Even so, there is a lack of research on the extent to which substance users and abusers suffer from mindfulness deficits (Dakwar, Mariani, &amp. Levin, 2011). Dakwar, et al (2011) conducted a study on a population of multi-drug users and single-drug users involving a variety of drugs. The participants were in treatment for substance abuse and mindfulness was tested using the Mindful Attention Awareness Scale (MAAS). The results of the study found that all of the participants’ mindfulness was below the national mean level. Moreover, multi-drug users scored significantly lower than single drug users. Opiate users however, out-performed all other drug users (Dakwar, et al, 2011). A study conducted by Wupperman, Neumann, and Axelrod (2008) suggest that mindfulness deficits are related to personality disorders and in turn increase vulnerability to self-destructive avoidance behaviours including substance abuse. Wupperman, et al’s (2008) study was conducted on 342 individuals diagnosed with borderline personality disorder, Mindfulness was measured using the MAAS.

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