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Consider the many-to-one model for mapping user-level threads to kernel-level threads. Suppose that a program creates nine user-level threads (T0,...
Consider the many-to-one model for mapping user-level threads to kernel-level threads. Suppose that a program creates nine user-level threads (T0, T1, T2, ..., T8). These threads have dependencies shown by the graph below: T1, T2, and T3 depend on T0; T4 depends on T1 and T2; T5 depends on both T2 and T3; T6 depends T2; T7 depends on T4, T5, and T6; and T8 depends on T4, T5, and T6. If an thread is dependent on another, it can not run in parallel with that thread and this is a transitive property: because T8 is dependent on T5 which is dependent on T2 which is dependent of T0 which is dependent on T0, then T8, T7, T5, T2, and T0 are all dependent and none can run in parallel. Answer the questions below. Be sure to cite the references you use for this question. a. Identify the sets of threads which can run in parallel and can take advantage of a multicore processor. b. What is the smallest number of kernel-level threads to maximize parallelism and how do the user-level threads map to the kernel threads. 1/2 T0 T1 T2 T3 T4 T5 T6 T7 T8 Prof. Pitts CS554AH2: Operating Systems Fall 2017 c. Suppose that you also know that T7 and T2 are the only user-level threads that perform blocking IO. How does this change your map of user-level to kernel-level mapping?
