Critical Thinking Exam

1.) Is the following argument valid or invalid?  If valid, explain whether it is deductive or inductive.  If invalid explain why: "Mrs. Kelvin has accused me of intentionally denting her rear fender.  I neither confirm nor deny this, however in telling her story she leaves out an important point.  As we were both leaving our driveways that morning, I backed onto the street first.  She saw this and then deliberately pulled in front of my vehicle as I was preparing to continue down the street.  Mrs. Kelvin intended to cut me off, so what happened to her can was entirely her fault."

2.) Is the following argument valid or invalid?  If valid, explain wheter it is deductive or inductive.  If invalid, explain why:  "Mr. Michaels believes that he is the only person on the ballot capable of running out town.  He says so time and time again in his campaign speeches and ads.  What he fails to mention is that he is an alcoholic womanizer with no scruples.  Who in their right mind could vote for that?"

3.)  Is the following argument valid or invalid?  If valid, explain wheter it is deductive or inductive.  If invalid, explain why?  "After careful consideration, it is the determination of the board that free soda will no longer be provied in the break room.  Before making this decision a survey was distributed amongst all members of the upper management to determine their opinion of the matter.  Based on the majority of responses, it was evident that withdrawing the free soda will not have any significant negative effect on morale."