Crude oil of density 970 kg.m-3 flows in a pipe of internal diameter 9 inches and circular section that exhibits a 90 bend in the horizontal plane.

Crude oil of density 970 kg.m-3 flows in a pipe of internal diameter 9 inches and circular section that exhibits a 90° bend in the horizontal plane. The flowrate of the oil is 11,000 litres per minute. Calculate the force imparted by the oil on the bend due to the change of momentum of the fluid, and draw a diagram to indicate the direction of this force.