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Data Structuring and Relational Database Technology The Data Structuring/Normalization Scenario:
Data Structuring and Relational Database Technology
The Data Structuring/Normalization Scenario:
You have been hired by a manufacturing company with multiple manufacturing facilities to perform the logical design of a relational database to manage their roster of available temporary workers and their subsequent assignments to fill workforce needs. The temporary workers are needed on a seasonal basis to fill a number of job roles such as materials management, van driver, loading/shipping dock worker, assembly line worker, packaging/shipping support, etc. Each manufacturing facility is configured with three different work areas, which are raw materials management, assembly line productions, and packaging/shipping. Here are the requirements that you have identified after interviewing company management:
1. The company would like to record and maintain complete information on each temporary worker, including full name, home address, mailing address (which may or may not differ from the home address), preferred and secondary telephone numbers, email address, date of birth, gender, initial date of employment.
2. The manufacturing facilities all operate on a 16-hour daily basis, two 8-hour shifts a day,six days a week, Monday through Saturday. They would also like to maintain information on each temporary worker's work shift availability in terms of days of the week (Monday through Saturday) and work shift (first shift, second shift, "bridge" shift (last 4 hours of first shift and first 4 hours of second shift) on the specified days). Workers may specify availability for one or more shifts during specified days of the week.
3. In addition, they will need to maintain complete information on each temporary worker's job certifications and information on certification instructors (same information as for temporary workers identified in item 1 above, information on which courses they are qualified to teach, and their teaching histories for the company). A temporary worker must be certified for a job role by completing a required training program for that role and can be certified to perform one or more job roles (see job role examples in the opening paragraph above). For job certifications, the company would like to maintain the identification of the certification, identification of the temporary worker participating in the certification training, the dates of certification training (certification training ranges from 4 to 16 hours depending on the type of certification), the certification trainer's identification, and a pass/fail designation for the temporary worker completing the certification training. The company would also like to maintain complete information on available job role certification training program courses.
4. Temporary workers are also allowed to specify prioritized work area location preferences for one or more manufacturing locations.
5. Finally, they have stated the requirement for maintaining a complete record of each temporary worker's assignments, including manufacturing facility location and work area assignment, date worked, shift(s) worked, and job role(s) filled by shift.
The company intends to use the completed database design to support the identification of temporary workers to fill needed assignments and to produce comprehensive reports on the use of temporary workers.
The Deliverable:
In a Microsoft Word document, provide the following:
1. A concise explanation of the potential advantages of normailzation in relational databases.
2. A concise explanation of potential reasons for denormalization of a normalized relational data base to a lower normal form.
3. A concise explanation of how relationships are formed among tables (relations) in a relational database.
4. a complete integrated set of normalized (3NF required) relations, using the format displayed in An Example of Normalization below (note that entities are in all caps, attribute names with multiple words are connected by an underline character joining each word (for example, "Student_ID"), primary keys are underlined and listed first within the attributes) in Third Normal Form (see textbook Chapter 9 for explanatory information on the normalization process).
An Example of Normalization:
Here is a relatively simplistic example of a normalization process:
An "un-normalized" relation:
STUDENT(Last_Name, First_Name, Course_Name, Instructor_Name, Semester, Year)
There are multiple problems here: multiple students could have the same last name, course name might occur many times within the table and could be entered incorrectly or misspelled in some records, instructor name might occur many times within the table and could be entered incorrectly or misspelled in some records, semester name might occur many times within the table and could be entered incorrectly or misspelled in some records.
The "normalized" version in Third Normal Form:
STUDENT(Student_ID, Last_Name, First_Name)
INSTRUCTOR(Instructor_ID, Last_Name, First_Name)
COURSE(Course_ID, Course_Name)
SEMESTER(Semester_ID, Term, Year)
COURSES_TAKEN(Student_ID,Course_ID,Instructor_ID,Semester_ID)
