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Question 1 of 40

__________ consequences are not imposed by adults, but children learn from them because they are immediate and directly related to the action.

A. Natural

B. Related

C. Deprivation

D. Exclusion 

Question 2 of 40

Kelly is making Sam cry by drawing on Sam’s artwork. Sam and his teacher, Mr. White, have discussed the problem with Kelly, but she refuses to stop. What should Mr. White do?

A. Tell Kelly she cannot use the markers until she is ready to respect other’s artwork.

B. Tell Sam to continue giving Kelly “I messages” until she stops the behavior.

C. Send Kelly to time out for five minutes and make her apologize when she returns to the table.

D. Let the children work out the problem themselves as long as they are not hitting. 

Question 3 of 40

Shondra lost her recess time because she forgot her homework. This is an example of:

A. exclusion.

B. a natural consequence.

C. punishment.

D. restitution. 

Question 4 of 40

__________ consequences are directly tied to a behavior and help youngsters reflect on how their actions affect others.

A. Deprivation

B. Exclusion

C. Natural

D. Related 

Question 5 of 40

A child uses materials in a center inappropriately and the teacher explains that he cannot return to that center until he agrees to use them correctly. This is an example of what kind of consequence?

A. Deprivation

B. Natural

C. Exclusion

D. Related 

Question 6 of 40

Yesterday Joey pitched a fit and broke his crayons. Today he is crying because his crayons are broken. He tells his teacher that he will never break his crayons again when he is mad because he doesn’t like coloring with broken crayons. This example describes a child learning from:

A. an exclusion consequence.

B. a deprivation consequence.

C. a natural consequence.

D. negative reinforcement. 

Question 7 of 40

What is an appropriate related consequence for a child who hits another child?

A. Deprivation

B. Restitution

C. Restriction

D. Exclusion

Question 8 of 40

Related consequences must be selected carefully: they must matter to teachers and they must:

A. take away a child’s dignity so they will learn.

B. take the focus off of the problem.

C. encourage the child to step away from his/her own needs.

D. help the child judge the pros and cons of certain behavior. 

Question 9 of 40

In which circumstance would a natural consequence be the best?

A. Joni has climbed very high in a tree.

B. Noah runs toward a ball that has rolled into the street.

C. Adrian forgot to bring his jacket out for recess.

D. Carly doesn’t like storytime at the library so she is always late getitng there. 

Question 10 of 40

If a child is building a tower that is not sturdy and an adult does not intervene but instead lets the child build until the tower collapses, the adult is allowing the child to learn from a/an __________ consequence.

A. natural

B. related

C. deprivation

D. exclusion 

Question 11 of 40

PointsConsequences that are imposed through adult power are:

A. natural.

B. logical.

C. useless.

D. punishment. 

Question 12 of 40

Which is NOT true of natural consequences?

A. Results are immediate.

B. Results are directly related to the action.

C. They keep the focus on the child’s behavior.

D. Resentment and anger are created.

Question 13 of 40

When Billy accidentally trips Jenny on the playground, Jenny skins her knee. Mrs. Kelly sends Billy to help Jenny clean up her knee. Mrs. Kelly is giving Billy a __________ consequence.

A. reciprocity

B. restitution

C. responsive

D. relative 

Question 14 of 40

At the art center, Mary and Amy are arguing about crayons. Mary is refusing to share crayons with Amy because Amy refused to share the glue. Their teacher, Mrs. Miller, decides not to intervene. Mrs. Miller is hoping that Amy will learn to share through a/an __________ consequence imposed upon her by Mary.

A. exclusion

B. deprivation

C. reciprocal

D. restitution 

Question 15 of 40

Which of these is an appropriate example of a teacher doing to a child what a child has done?

A. A child hits another student, so the teacher hits him.

B. A child refuses to help clean up his table when asked by the teacher, so 

later when he asks for help cleaning up his center so that he can go to 

recess the teacher will not help him.

C. A child reaches over and eats another student’s cookie, so the teacher 

eats that child’s lunch.

D. A child is reading a book when the teacher is teaching, so later when 

the child is trying to ask for help the teacher acts as if she doesn’t 

hear him. 

Question 16 of 40

Claire would not sit down at the lunch table. When she spilled her milk the teacher said she could not have more until the afternoon snack. What kind of consequence did Claire have?

A. Corporal

B. Exclusion

C. Restitution

D. Natural 

Question 17 of 40

__________ consequences are designed to help children think about why certain behaviors are unacceptable and why others are desirable.

A. Natural

B. Related

C. Deprivation

D. Restitution 

Question 18 of 40

Reed knocked over Blake’s block tower. The next day, Blake knocked over Reed’s block tower. Their teacher didn’t intervene because she believes in __________ as a type of consequence.

A. deprivation

B. exclusion

C. restitution

D. reciprocity 

Question 19 of 40

__________ banishes the child from all activities and all of the children in the group.

A. Timeout

B. Exclusion

C. Deprivation

D. Reciprocity 

Question 20 of 40

All of the following are true about punishment EXCEPT that it:

A. affects the immediate response.

B. generally produces negative side effects.

C. has long-term negative effects.

D. addresses the cause of the behavior.

Question 21 of 40

The discipline method that sets up artificial reward systems designed to get children to behave in certain ways is:

A. consequence management.

B. behavior modification.

C. behavioral discipline.

D. natural discipline. 

Question 22 of 40

Points, tokens, marbles, and stickers are all examples of __________ rewards.

A. monetary

B. intermittent

C. scheduled

D. tangible 

Question 23 of 40

Brain research shows that events that create __________ have negative effects on mental growth.

A. fear

B. anxiety

C. humiliation

D. All of the above 

Question 24 of 40

Behavior modification is based primarily on the research of:

A. Skinner.

B. Piaget.

C. Erickson.

D. Kohn. 

Question 25 of 40

When Jane reads a book because she thinks the book is interesting and fun to read, she is reading because of __________ motivation.

A. extrinsic

B. intrinsic

C. reinforced

D. necessary 

Question 26 of 40

Using praise as a positive reinforcement can have negative effects such as a child feeling like he has failed a task if:

A. his friend gets a compliment first.

B. the teacher gives him a different compliment then his friend.

C. he doesn’t get a compliment.

D. he feels rushed to complete his task. 

Question 27 of 40

The kids in Miss Ramo’s P.E. class keep folders with their personal records. Nobody else sees them, but each week several students work very hard to beat their own push-ups, sit-ups and jump roping records. These students are displaying __________ motivation.

A. extrinsic

B. competitive

C. athletic

D. intrinsic 

Question 28 of 40

Positive “I messages” are a form of:

A. praise.

B. behavior modification.

C. assertive discipline.

D. encouragement. 

Question 29 of 40

Praise does not convey unconditional love. Instead, it can make children feel:

A. a false sense of superiority.

B. insecure and fearful of rejection.

C. motivated to work harder.

D. like they have to make great personal sacrifices to gain approval.

Question 30 of 40

A teacher who comments on a student’s artwork by saying, “Good work!” is using praise. Which statement below would be a more useful encouragement from the teacher?

A. “I love your picture! It is beautiful!”

B. “I am so proud of how you used the markers today!”

C. “I see you used a lot of string. Tell me about your picture!”

D. “I love it that you used red and green to paint the flowers!” 

Question 31 of 40

Research has shown that children who are punished are most likely to turn to crime. In fact, in 2001, nearly __________ of every 100 American adults had served time in prison.

A. 3

B. 5

C. 8

D. 11 

Question 32 of 40

Rewards are divided into the following three categories:

A. social rewards, scheduled rewards, and praise.

B. intangible, tangible, and social.

C. tangible rewards, praise, and privileges.

D. praise, scheduled rewards, and privileges. 

Question 33 of 40

The emotional pain that often comes from punishment is:

A. often more long-lasting than bodily harm.

B. minor compared to the physical pain.

C. not something most children dwell on.

D. helpful in modifying behavior. 

Question 34 of 40

Because older children are better at delaying gratification, __________ usually work well for them.

A. tangible rewards

B. praise

C. privileges

D. None of the above 

Question 35 of 40

After Dan drops a glass, his mother calls him “clumsy” while she is cleaning the broken glass from the floor. Dan’s mother is damaging his self-esteem by using __________ punishment.

A. corporal

B. verbal

C. physical

D. controlling 

Question 36 of 40

All adults are sometimes pushed beyond their limits. Adults who feel angry may find themselves punishing a child’s behavior instead of:

A. hugging the child.

B. giving praise.

C. teaching self-discipline.

D. using a time-out. 

Question 37 of 40

Which country has the highest documented incarceration rate in the world?

A. England

B. China

C. The United States

D. Peru 

Question 38 of 40

One school-wide strategy to eliminate corporal punishment is to:

A. offer parenting classes on behavior management.

B. address it at PTA meetings.

C. offer after-school classes for children addressing behavior modification issues.

D. give incentives to families to change their behavior. 

Question 39 of 40

Taking away privileges totally unrelated to a behavior problem is:

A. an appropriate consequence.

B. an example of using natural consequences to help children learn appropriate behavior.

C. mistaken by some teachers as a consequence although it is a punishment.

D. an example of using logical consequences. 

Question 40 of 40

Dustin uses the potty when his mom or teacher bribes him with M&M’s. Dustin is __________ motivated to become potty trained.

A. not

B. intrinsically

C. forcefully

D. extrinsically