Hello, I am looking for someone to write an essay on Individual Programmatic Assessement : Operant Conditioning. It needs to be at least 500 words.Operant conditioning was first habituated by B.F. Ski

Hello, I am looking for someone to write an essay on Individual Programmatic Assessement : Operant Conditioning. It needs to be at least 500 words.

Operant conditioning was first habituated by B.F. Skinner, a behaviorist, who supposed that an individual needs to put focus on the external and recognizable causes of behavior. Skinner went on to think that the internal motivations and thoughts of an individual could not be used in explaining a behavior. The term operant was used by Skinner in referring to any active behavior operating upon the environment in generating consequences (McLeod, 2007). Operant conditioning theory by Skinner explained how individuals acquired different learned behaviors exhibited daily.

Reinforcement is an event increasing or strengthening the behavior it follows. Skinner stated that reinforcement came into negative and positive forms. He also believed that to condition behavior, reinforcement was needed (McLeod, 2007). Reinforcement is seen to be a punishment or reward, depending on the exhibited behavior.

This reinforcement strengthens a given behavior by giving a consequence found rewarding by an individual. For example, when parent gives a child prizes when he/she performs well in school, the parent is more likely to replicate this behavior, thus strengthening the child’s behavior of performing well in school (Coon & Mitterer, 2008).

A behavior can also be strengthened by removing an unpleasant reinforcer after the anticipated behavior (McLeod, 2007). A behavior is strengthened by negative reinforcement because it removes or stops an unfriendly experience.

Positive reinforcement is seen to be the most effective kind of reinforcement rather than negative reinforcement. This is because there is a positive emotional effect in positive reinforcement (Coon & Mitterer, 2008). On the other hand, consequences of an anticipated behavior and the desirable behavior are identified by positive reinforcement.

A scenario in which an individual could apply in shaping behavior would be seen when a child does not finish eating his food and sometimes does not