Hi, I need help with essay on An experiment to investigate the 'levels of processing' model of memory. Paper must be at least 1000 words. Please, no plagiarized work!Download file to see previous page

Hi, I need help with essay on An experiment to investigate the 'levels of processing' model of memory. Paper must be at least 1000 words. Please, no plagiarized work!

It has been argued that the main coding system in short-term memory is acoustic coding and the main encoding system in long-term memory is semantic coding (Gross 2010). Different researches, such as the one done by Bartlett &amp. Tulving (1974) have been developed with respect to processing information either semantically or acoustically. Other researchers and authors have stated that people recall more words that are semantically processed rather than words that are acoustically processed. For instance, Craik &amp. Tulving (1975 cited in Rice et al 2000) compared the three levels of encoding by presenting a word to participants quickly. They then asked a question which encouraged participants to process a certain word in the three levels of encoding. They found out that using semantic processing provided the best or the most effective recall. Others have argued that people recall more words that are acoustically processed rather than words that are semantically processed in short-term memory. This study will examine whether people motor recall words that are semantically processed as opposed to words that are acoustically processed. Craik &amp. Lockhart’s theory (1972 cited in Rice et al 2000) mentions that there is not much difference or distinction between short-term and long-term memory. While establishing whether recall happens best at semantic or acoustic processing, the study will also be proving this concept. The level of processing theory established by Craik &amp. Lockhart (1972 cited in Rice et al 2000) concentrates on the processes that are involved in memory. This model is an unstructured approach and will be used to explain this study. The theory explains that memory occurs due to the processing of information and there is no clear distinction between short-term memory and long-term memory. The aim of this study is captured in the Laboratory experiment that was conducted to investigate whether the way in which participants recall information is directly affected by the way the question is processed. The study uses an experimental hypothesis. Participants will recall more words that are semantically processed compared to words that are acoustically processed. The experimental hypothesis is one tail because the study aims at proving one side (semantic processing). that is whether people recall more words that are semantically processed and not the other. The Null hypothesis: There will be no difference in the number of words recalled that have been semantically processed compared to words that are acoustically processed. Method Design This study was a laboratory experiment as it allows for precise control of variables. this control allows the researcher to conclude that it is the independent variable, and nothing else, which is influencing the dependent variable. In this experiment, participants were tested by a repeated-measures design. Independent Variable: Questions involving semantic or acoustic processing Dependent Variable: The number of semantically or acoustically processed words recalled Participants Twenty participants, a mixture of males and females ranging from 18 to 65 years old, were selected using an opportunity sample. This sample was used, as it was the most convenient. The majority of the participants live in Essex. None of the participants was paid for taking part. Materials The task sheet had a series of questions, which were either acoustic or semantic, followed by a stimulus word, which were nouns.