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Hi, need to submit a 1250 words essay on the topic Titchener, Yerkes and Watson's Theories.Download file to see previous pages... Moreover, introspection does not comprise part of the methods used nor
Hi, need to submit a 1250 words essay on the topic Titchener, Yerkes and Watson's Theories.
Download file to see previous pages...Moreover, introspection does not comprise part of the methods used nor does the scientific significance of the data dependent on the promptness of the data for interpretation in relation to consciousness. Consequently, he does not recognize a dividing line between human beings and brute. Watson emphasizes on man’s external behavior as well as his reactions concerning certain situations instead of the internal, mental state of humanity (Weiner, 2013). Consequently, according to him, analysis of reactions and behaviors constitutes the only objective method to gain insight into human actions. Therefore, Watson’s behaviorism discarded the studying or learning of consciousness Robert Yerkes Yerkes was an American psychologist who developed on intelligence testing as well as in comparative psychology (INDIANA UNIVERSITY, 2012). He pioneered the study of primate and human intelligence. He is popular for his comparative psychology research dealing with great apes thus leading to his founding of the first laboratory in America dealing with primate research. He closely worked with John. B. Watson, which resulted in the establishment the theory of behaviorism. According to the theory, both human and animal behavior can be scientifically researched with the aim of understanding and without the need for inner mental states (Weiner, 2013). Therefore, admissible evidence is obtained through use of scientific method. Such scientific method suggests the observations need to be repeated at different times and by different people in order to be considered as evidence. Therefore, observation by an individual at a given time cannot be enough to deem as evidence that can be used in psychology. Edward Bradford Titchener Edward was an American psychologist who never recognized applied psychology, lacked interest in studying animals, abnormal behavior, children, or individual differences. According to him, psychology entails the study of experience from the perspective of the experiencing individual. Therefore, every element should remain conscious (Tracey, &. Morrow, 2006). The aim of psychology was to study consciousness and mind. Thus, mind refers to the accumulated or collected experiences in a lifetime. The first element of the mind is sensations and contains elements of perceptions. The second element is affections and entails emotions. Finally, images comprise ideas. The elements of ideas, emotions, and perceptions can be disintegrated into respective properties such as quality, duration, clearness, extensity, and intensity. All the qualities were present in images and sensations while affection lacked extensity and clearness. Conversely, consciousness entails all mental experiences any given time. He advocated for the law of continuity which claims that thought of something or object tends to generate thoughts of other things experienced together with the object. According to him, physiological processes offer a continuous substratum that supports the psychological processes (Titchener, 2010). Moreover, Titchener gives marginal treatment and consideration to action, instinct, and habit. According to him, these elements do not have a significant effect on psychology since they do not constitute to scientific methods. He distinguished mental processes as possessing quality, duration, intensity, extensity, and clearness.
