How are polar bodies made?

Polar bodies are made by female sex cells undergoing meiosis.

Meiosis takes a diploid cell (cells with two sets of chromosomes) and divides them into four haploid cells (cells with one set of chromosomes).

For men, that means we take one diploid cell and make four sperm cells which is meiosis. These are male sex cells. For women, the female body takes one diploid cell and goes through meiosis.

However, as it goes through the first round of meiosis one ovum is formed and a polar body is formed. They are called polar bodies because it has an equal amount of DNA but most of the cytoplasm, the contents other than the DNA, went to the ovum. Then both the ovum and the polar body both undergo meiosis 2. This produces one fully matured egg and 3 polar bodies.

Citation: Bachelor of Science Degree in Ecological and Evolutionary Biology