How do I solve the attached problem step by step? and what are the solution?

How do I solve the attached problem step by step? and what are the solution?I am behind in the course and must submit this assignment today and and do not have much time to do it. So i will be very thankfull for help :-)The exercise need to be solve without relying on the existence of a gcd (greatest common divisor) in exercise (i) and (ii).