How does the function and structure of the chromosomes in prokaryotes differ from eukaryotes?

Function- same. Structure- Linked with presence of histone proteins.

The function remains the same- to produce proteins. The structure of chromosome in prokaryotes is that the DNA is not associated with histone proteins, therefore it is 'naked'. On the other hand eukaryotic DNA is associated with histone proteins, therefore the chromatid can condense and form thicker chromosomes as seen in karyograms.