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QUESTION

# How would you make a Bohr diagram for NaCl?

A Bohr diagram depicts an atom with a small, central nucleus and the electrons in their valence shells.

The first valence shell contains 2 electrons, and the second and third shell have 8 electrons each, and the number keeps growing.

To draw the Bohr diagram for "NaCl", we should first draw the individual diagrams for both "Na" and "Cl".

The of "Na" is 11, so it has 11 electrons.

The first and second valence shells are completely full, since their 2 and 8 electrons only take up the first 10 of sodium's 11 electrons. Thus there will be 1 leftover electron in the third valence shell, so the Bohr diagram of "Na" can be drawn as follows:

We can follow a similar process for chlorine, which has 17 electrons. The first two shells are full, taking up 10 of "Cl"'s 17 electrons, leaving 7 electrons in the third valence shell (remember that it has a capacity of 8).

Now, we must draw the Bohr diagram for the "NaCl" model. "NaCl" is an ionic compound, meaning that electrons from each molecule that comprise the compound are ripped away from molecules and added to other molecules.

Notice that in "Na", there is only 1 electron in the third valence shell. Because of this, "Na" wants to "shed" its single electron and form a "Na"^+ ion. Similarly, "Cl" has 7 electrons of 8 possible in its third shell, so it will want to take an electron and form a "Cl"^- ion.

Hence the chlorine atom will take the electron in sodium's third valence shell and add it to its own, so the ionic compound would be drawn as:

Note:

"Na"^+ has 10 electrons: its shells have 2 and 8 electrons, respectively.

"Cl"^- has 18 electrons: its shells have 2,8, and 8 electrons, respectively.