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I need some assistance with these assignment. female genital mutilation Thank you in advance for the help!
I need some assistance with these assignment. female genital mutilation Thank you in advance for the help! The highest levels of female circumcision are characteristic of the following east African countries: Somalia (98%), Djibouti (93%), Eritrea (89%), and Ethiopia (74%) (Bogale, Markos & Kaso, 2014). In addition to the above-mentioned regions and countries, female genital mutilation is also practiced in Europe, the United States of America, Canada, New Zealand, and Africa among immigrants. In total, about 100-140 million women have been circumcised. In Africa, more than 90 million girls and women have been subjected to this procedure. In addition to this, the current estimations suggest that every year in Africa about 3 million girls are at risk of being circumcised (WHO, 2008).
In accordance with the classification presented in the publication of the World Health Organization titled Eliminating Female Genital Mutilation: An Interagency Statement UNAIDS, UNDP, UNECA, UNESCO, UNFPA, UNHCHR, UNHCR, UNICEF, UNIFEM, WHO, there are four types of female circumcision. The first type of female genital mutilation is called clitoridectomy, which presupposes total or partial removal of the clitoris and/or prepuce.
There are two subtypes of Type I: removal of either the prepuce clitoral hood and removal of both of them. The second type of female circumcision is called excision, and it presupposes total or partial removal of labia minora and the clitoris, with or without removal of the labia majora. There are three subtypes within Type II: excision of the labia minora. total or partial excision of both the clitoris and the labia minora. total or partial excision of the labia minora, the labia majora, and the clitoris. The third type is referred to as infibulation and defined as total or partial removal of the external genitalia and stitching the two sides with the aim to narrow the vaginal orifice by creation a covering seal. As well as in the previous two cases, there are subtypes within Type III: removal of the labia minora and .removal of the labia majora. The fourth type does not presuppose the excision of tissue and includes such procedures as scraping, piercing, pricking, and stretching with the aim to harm the labia and the clitoris (WHO. Kaplan, Hechavarria, Martin, Bonhoure, 2011). .
