I need some assistance with these assignment. parkinson disease as a side effect of medication: symptoms of parkinsonism Thank you in advance for the help!

I need some assistance with these assignment. parkinson disease as a side effect of medication: symptoms of parkinsonism Thank you in advance for the help! This disease affects around a million Americans. Although it is predominant in the older men and women, it has been known to affect some of the younger citizens. In addition, it has been predicted by experts that the increasing longevity of the people of the world, the number of victims of this disease will increase. It is usually treated with the drug levodopa, which is transformed in the brain into dopamine. In this manner, the shortfall in dopamine is artificially made good. Unfortunately, levodopa has no effect on the changes to the brain and engendered by Parkinson’s disease. Furthermore, levodopa has side effects in some patients (Moore, 2001). However, some new drugs have been developed, which have proved to be more effective. Furthermore, the symptoms of Parkinsonism can be alleviated to a considerable extent by neurosurgery. There are three methods of neurosurgery that are frequently employed and they are. first, thalamotomy, wherein a lesion is effected on a portion of the brain, in order to reduce some types of tremor. Second, pallidotomy, in which dyskinesias or wriggling movements are mitigated by means of a lesion on some other part of the brain. Third, deep brain stimulation, which effects control over specific symptoms, by means of an electronic stimulator. In this method, the lesion is created by the electrical impulse. This lesion prevents the transmission of abnormal signals in the brain. The term brain pacemaker has frequently been given to this simulator.