Locate and explain the logical fallacy in each of the following claims [4X5 points; about half a page for each explanation] Since any permanent

We have tested this “food supplement” carefully and find that it does not contribute in any way to a healthier skin, to heightened energy or sex drive, or to an improved immune system. We conclude that this item will not sell well and will be a commercial disaster.2. Reflect upon the scenario below. Identify what moral questions it raises for you and argue for the response you shall adopt in this case:

You are the hiring director in charge of filling up a vacancy in your organization for which you find that your close friend, who is desperate for the post and is quite well qualified for it, has applied. This friend is however not the most suitable and well qualified applicant. Nobody in your workplace knows about your prior personal relation with this one applicant, so that there is no danger of being charged with favoritism if you appoint your friend.

How suitable, or not, do you find Kant’s second formulation of the Categorical Imperative – “Act so that you treat humanity, whether in your own person or in that of another, always as an end and never as a means only” (Chaffee 57) – as a guiding principle for your response to this situation? Give reasons for your answer. [15 points; about one and a half pages, inclusive of both parts to this question]