Need an argumentative essay on To demonstrate a number of artefacts encountered in the practice in ultrasound, which should enhance understanding of the physical principles of diagnostic ultrasound. N

Need an argumentative essay on To demonstrate a number of artefacts encountered in the practice in ultrasound, which should enhance understanding of the physical principles of diagnostic ultrasound. Needs to be 9 pages. Please no plagiarism.

Ultrasound artefacts are therefore sonographic display errors which are caused by complicated physical interactions between the ultrasound and the human tissue. issues in the limits of the ultrasound process also impact on the manifestation of the artefact (Prosono, 2009). Failing to detect these artefacts can cause confusion and mistakes in diagnosis. Ensuring effective detection and interpretation of artefacts as well as the physical elements of their origin will allow identification, as well as promote correct diagnosis. In other words, the accurate interpretation of artefacts would likely help establish correct diagnosis, and provide effective tools in the identification of images within the imaging field (Hoff, et.al., 1989). The ultrasound machine has different assumptions in its image generation. These assumptions include the fact that ultrasound beams only traverse a straight line via a fixed rate of attenuation. the speed of the sound in all the body tissues measures at 1540 m/s. the beam is very thin, with most of its echoes coming from its central axis. and the impact of the reflector is based on the time which the sound would travel from the transducer to the reflector and back again (Pichamuthu, 2009).

There are different types of artefacts. First, the reverberation artefact is seen when the ultrasound is constantly reflected within two different reflective surfaced (George, 2012). Second, is the mirror image artefact. This is a kind of reverberation artefact seen at highly reflective systems like the lungs and descending aorta. The false image is at the opposite side of the reflector due to the mirror-like effect. (George, 2012). Third, is the side-lobe artefact where side lobe beams are seen at the edges of the transducer element and reflects in a direction different from the main beam (George, 2012). Fourth, the multiple artefact is seen when the direction of the ultrasound beam is different. Fifth, beamwidth artefacts are seen when echoes of the beam would manifest as though they come from the centre (George, 2012). This is seen when the beam goes through fluids. Propagation speed errors are also considered artefacts. These are seen when the media where the beam would penetrate would not propagate at 1540 m/s. as a result it causes echoes at wrong depths on the displayed image. Acoustic shadowing may be seen when the beam cannot pass through an area “deep to a strongly reflecting or attenuating structure” (George, 2012). Finally, near field clutter can also cause artefacts. This is caused by acoustic noise in the areas of the transducer which then leads to high amplitude oscillations of related elements (George, 2012).