PART A: MULTIPLE CHOICE (50 points: 2 points per question) 1.) All of the following are true of Beowulf except:

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PART A: MULTIPLE CHOICE (50 points: 2 points per question)

1.) All of the following are true of Beowulf except:

A.) The poem ends ambiguously, suggesting that glory and fame have both positive and negative outcomes.

B.) Wealhtheow surprisingly seems to have little regard for her children and would rather have Beowulf as king.

C.) Beowulf's life and honor as king is implicitly compared to those same qualities in Shield Sheafson as presented in the opening of the poem, especially regarding the issue of having or not having an heir to take over when one dies.

D.) The poem often explores the limits of its own cultural values and customs.

2.) All of the following are true of Geoffrey of Monmouth and his History of the Kings of Britainexcept:

A.) Geoffrey was deeply familiar with Biblical, Roman, and English models of history and models his work closely on all of them.

B.) Geoffrey's work engages with the history of the Norman Conquest by providing the Anglo- Normans with a model of history in which any man, regardless of his class or past, can become successful.

C.) The brutalities of conquest, authorized by Diana, are emphasized above all else in Brutus's founding of England.

D.) All are false.

3.) All of the following are true of Chretien de Troye's Erec and Enide except:

A.) Erec changes throughout the narrative and grows as a person on account of key insights into his relationship with Enide.

B.) Without a doubt, the Joy of the Court scene finally resolves the tension between love and adventure, which is at play throughout the work.

C.) The poem often proceeds by exploring trivialities that lead to more complex episodes or character development.

D.) One reason Enide's name is withheld for several thousand lines is to make her more difficult to interpret or understand insofar as she is a complex character.

4.) All of the following are true of Chretien de Troye's Lancelot except:

A.) Courtly love is treated as both a sacred ritual and an object of ridicule in the poem.

B.) Though Lancelot initially gets in the cart and brings such shame to himself, the poem keeps recuperating his character by showing his great deeds.

C.) Lancelot's love for Guinevere seems noble especially when compared to Gawain and King Arthur's treatment of women.

D.) In Lancelot, there is usually a healthy balance between private love and public adventure, the two components of romance.

5.) All of the following are true of Marie de France's Lanval except:

A.) Lanval without a doubt lives happily ever after and gets everything that he wanted at the end of the poem.

B.) Lanval initially lets his horse go to symbolize his lack of interest in the courtly world.

C.) Arthur and his men unfairly exclude Lanval from their society at the beginning of the poem. D.) It is never clear to us why the fairy mistress comes back to save Lanval, even though she swore she would disappear forever if he mentioned her name.

6.) In her Prologue, Marie de France uses all of the following to authorize her except:

A.) God.

B.) A famous Latin grammarian.

C.) The technique of translating ancient authors faithfully. D.) She uses all of these.

7.) All of the following can without question be considered romances in their entirety except:

A.) Lanval

B.) Erec and Enide

C.) The History of the Kings of Britain

D.) All can without question be considered romances in their entirety.

8.) Which of the following best describes the fall of Arthur's kingdom in Geoffrey of Monmouth's History of the Kings of Britain?

A.) It is a momentous event, and Geoffrey suggests that Arthur can never be replaced.

B.) Women, who for so long have remained silent in the text, make the best of a bad situation and prevent any further damage to the kingdom by convincing the knights of an appropriate strategy.

C.) It is handled as though it doesn't even matter. Arthur is like a blip on the radar screen; Arthur is just one more king who will be replaced by another. No big deal.

D.) It happens just the way it was predicted in the Aeneid, Geoffrey's source text.

9.) Which one of the following is a quality of epic and can be found in Beowulf:

A.) A slow and expansive pace of action.

B.) Allusions.

D.) Concern for memory and oral composition. E.) All of the Above.

10.) Which of the following statements is false?

A.) Chretien stopped composing Lancelot at some point, and another writer finished it.

B.) Though Marie calls herself "Marie de France," her writing survives in an Anglo-Norman dialect and she dedicates her work to an English king, so it is assumed that she lived in England when she wrote her Lais.

C.) C.) Overall, throughout Marie's Milun, adventure (pris) plays a more prominent role than love.

D.) All are true.

11.) Beowulf is written in the following language:

A.) Old English B.) Middle English C.) Latin

D.) French

12.) Geoffrey of Monmouth's History of the Kings of Britain is written in the following language:

A.) Old English B.) Middle English C.) Latin

D.) French

13.) Chretien de Troye's romances are written in the following language:

A.) Middle English B.) Latin

C.) French

D.) Spanish

14.) 14.) All of the following statements regarding Marie's Milun are true except:

A.) The scene of recognition between Milun and his son has Christian undertones (a "moment of grace") and causes a great change to happen in the poem which reunites Milun with his lady.

B.) When it is discovered that Milun and his lady are having an affair, the lady emphasizes only the positive aspects of courtly love.

C.) The starved swan can be said to symbolize the unhealthy (or starved) relationship of Milun and his lady after he leaves her.

D.) All of the above statements are true.

15.) Which of the following lines summarizes a famous line in Beowulf that also gets at the heart of the epic mentality?

A.) It is better to get revenge than to mourn.

B.) It is best to have a reasoned debate about what we should do with Grendel. C.) Outward appearances mean nothing.

D.) We must strive to be like God.

16.) All of the following statements accurately describe the effects and the importance of the Norman Conquest except:

A.) It is responsible for dramatically changing the English language.

1. B.) It challenged Bede's narrative that the Anglo-Saxons (whom the Normans defeated) were
2. God's chosen people.
3. C.) Since the Normans were a people with a long established history of great deeds, the
4. Norman Conquest gave Geoffrey of Monmouth a model of history to work from whereby
5. only men from prestigious backgrounds could be great.

D.) All are true statements.

17.) Geoffrey of Monmouth's History of the Kings of Britain is a largely accurate narrative of historical events.

A.) True B.) False

18.) All of the following are examples of "romancing" as a method in Geoffrey of Monmouth'sHistory of the Kings of Britain except:

A.) The impregnation of Ygerna.

B.) The habitation of England described as cultivation instead of conquering.

C.) England's being given to Brutus and his men by Diana in a kind of prophecy. D.) The Trojan ancestry of Brutus, the founder of Britain.

19.) Read the following passage, taken from the Prologue to Chretien's romances and choose the answer(s) that best describe the passage.

The peasant in his proverb says that one might find oneself holding in contempt something that is worth much more than one believes; therefore a man does well to make good use of his learning according to whatever understanding he has, for he who neglects his learning may easily keep silent something that would later give much pleasure. And so Chretien de Troyes says that it is reasonable for everyone to think and strive in every way to speak well and to teach well, and from a tale of adventure he draws a beautifully ordered composition that clearly proves that a man does not act intelligently if he does not give free rein to his knowledge for as long as God gives him the grace to do so.

A.) This passage states that we should not judge a book by its cover.

B.) This passage allows Chretien to authorize his work by saying that his knowledge comes from God.

C.) This passage allows Chretien to use fiction to compete with more weighty genres like history and epic.

D.) All of the above.

20.) Romance came to England primarily by way of the following country:

A.) Spain

B.) Italy

C.) France

D.) Romance is native to England and was not received primarily by way of another country.

21.) All of the following statements about Chretien de Troye's Lancelot are true except:

A.) Lancelot is willing to shame himself in the public eye if it means enjoying a private life of bliss with the Queen

B.) It is difficult for Lancelot to please the Queen, and it is suggested that she may not be worth the trouble needed to do so.

C.) Lancelot is frequently compared to a Christ-like figure.

D.) All are true statements.

22.) All of the following statements about courtly love in the French tradition are true except:

A.) Women are granted most of the power in the relationship. B.) It always leads to marriage.

C.) The male courtly lover must suffer.

D.) It has its roots in Christianity.

23.) All of the following are elements of romance in Erec and Enide except:

A.) Love

B.) Adventures that are undertaken out of strict necessity

C.) Introspection and learning about the self

D.) All of the above are elements of romance in Erec and Enide.

24.) In reading Marie's Chevrefoil, it is important to figure out exactly what Tristan wrote on the stick for the Queen.

A. True B. False

25.) By "glossing," Marie usually means:

A.) Interpreting

B.) An open-ended, exploratory process in which the audience shares C.) Lying

D.) Both A and B