Question 1 a nutritionist, your experience has lead you to predict that persons defined as obese consume more carbonated beverages (soft drinks, soda, pop) per week than the general population.

Question 1 

 a nutritionist, your experience has lead you to predict that persons defined as obese consume more carbonated beverages (soft drinks, soda, pop) per week than the general population.   Is this a one-tailed HA or a two-tailed HA ? 

A.  one-tailed

B.  two-tailed

Question 2

A sleep researcher hypothesizes that college students who are deprived of sleep will perform significantly lower on tests of cognitive ability than the general student body who likely slept around eight hours. One standardized test of cognitive ability, called the STCA, reveals that mean score for college students who slept around eight hours is µ = 4.5.  Scores on the STCA range from 1-9 with high scores indicating better performance.  The researcher brings 15 volunteer participants into the sleep lab one night and limits their sleep to four hours. The next morning he administers the STCA. Their scores are below. 2,  3,  3,  2,  5,  3,  3,  3,  6, 7,  2, 5,  4,  3,  4Is this a one-tailed HA or a two-tailed HA ? 

A. one-tailed 

B. two-tailed

Question 3 

Assume that, on the average, normal rhesus monkeys spend an average of 60 minutes dreaming while sleeping at night (thus, µ = 60 minutes). Time spent dreaming is typically referred to as REM sleep (Rapid Eye Movement). You are interested in the effects a new dream-enhancing drug has on dreaming since an increase in the time spent dreaming while sleeping is thought to be a good thing in terms of getting a “restful” sleep. You want to pursue testing the drug in humans if there is any evidence that it significantly increases nightly dreaming time in these nonhuman primates. Ten rhesus monkeys are administered the drug in the morning and their dream time (in minutes) is monitored that night. The alternate hypothesis is: the drug will increase time spent dreaming, or the time in REM sleep. You obtain the following times (minutes) each monkey spent dreaming: 52, 69, 74, 60, 67, 65, 69, 55, 63, 68

Is this a one-tailed HA or a two-tailed HA ?

A. one-tailed 

B. two-tailed

Question 4 

You ask a group of 10 adults to participate in a reaction time task concerning verbal comprehension while under the influence of a low dose of amphetamine (one of a variety of “speed” drugs, or central nervous system stimulants). The history of research indicates that performance on many tasks actually improves with low doses, but with higher doses, performance deteriorates). You record the following comprehension times (in seconds) required to identify the two meanings of ambiguous sentences, such as, “The mayor asked the police to stop drinking” or “The children ran in the house.” You hypothesize that the low dose of amphetamine will speed up the participants’ comprehension times (you expect faster/smaller time scores with a low dose of amphetamine, that is). The mean comprehension time on this task for persons who have not ingested any form of stimulant drug is µ = 1.4 seconds

X (comprehension time, in seconds) 1.1 0.8 1.1 0.7 0.9 1.0 1.3 1.2 1.4 0.8

Is this a one-tailed HA or a two-tailed HA ?

A. one-tailed

B.  two-tailed

Question 5 

 A sleep researcher hypothesizes that college students who are deprived of sleep will perform significantly lower on tests of cognitive ability than the general student body who likely slept around eight hours. One standardized test of cognitive ability, called the STCA, reveals that mean score for college students who slept around eight hours is µ = 4.5.  Scores on the STCA range from 1-9 with high scores indicating better performance.  The researcher brings 15 volunteer participants into the sleep lab one night and limits their sleep to four hours. The next morning he administers the STCA. Their scores are below. 2,  3,  3,  2,  5,  3,  3,  3,  6, 7,  2, 5,  4,  3,  4Which  hypothesis test needs to be employed here, the  z test or the one-sample t test? 

A.  z test 

B. one-sample t test

Question 6 

 Weight loss programs are abundant in the U.S.A.  Some cost a membership fee, some do not. But all seem to work (at least temporarily) if the individual “complies” with the program for at least 60 days. Presume that the mean weight loss after 60 days for the population of adults complying to a program, any program, is  µ = 15 pounds, with a standard deviation of σ  = 4.0.  You have developed a novel program combining “clean-eating” plus daily aerobic exercise and predict that persons in your program will lose more weight than the national average of 15 pounds in 60 days.  Eighteen adults participate in your program and at the end of 60 days have a mean weight loss of  M = 15.83 pounds.   Set your alpha level at α = .05.  Complete steps 3 and 4 of the hypothesis testing procedure. Then summarize the results of the hypothesis testing procedure by putting your results in journal form.  Ignore the minus sign if your calculated z or t is negative.  [Note, if your calculated z or t is not identical to one of the values below, but within plus or minus 0.2 of an answer below, assume it’s a rounding error and select the answer that is closest to your calculated value.]

A.  t (17) = 4.05, p < .05

B.  z = .88, p ≠ .05 

C. t (17) = .66, p < .05

D.  t (18) = .66, p < .05 

E. z = .88, p > .05

F.  z = 3.77 p < .05

Question 7 

 A sleep researcher hypothesizes that college students who are deprived of sleep will perform significantly lower on tests of cognitive ability than the general student body who likely slept around eight hours. One standardized test of cognitive ability, called the STCA, reveals that mean score for college students who slept around eight hours is µ = 4.5.  Scores on the STCA range from 1-9 with high scores indicating better performance.  The researcher brings 15 volunteer participants into the sleep lab one night and limits their sleep to four hours. The next morning he administers the STCA. Their scores are below. 2,  3,  3,  2,  5,  3,  3,  3,  6, 7,  2, 5,  4,  3,  4With α = .05, determine the critical value of z* or t* that needs to be employed here.  The value of the appropriate of  z* or t* is: A.  1.65

B.  1.753 

C. 1.761

D.  2.133 

E. 2.33 

F. the correct value of z* or t*  is not listed in alternatives “a” through “e”

Question 8 

A sleep researcher hypothesizes that college students who are deprived of sleep will perform significantly lower on tests of cognitive ability than the general student body who likely slept around eight hours. One standardized test of cognitive ability, called the STCA, reveals that mean score for college students who slept around eight hours is µ = 4.5.  Scores on the STCA range from 1-9 with high scores indicating better performance.  The researcher brings 15 volunteer participants into the sleep lab one night and limits their sleep to four hours. The next morning he administers the STCA. Their scores are below. 2,  3,  3,  2,  5,  3,  3,  3,  6, 7,  2, 5,  4,  3,  4Set your alpha level at α = .05.  Complete steps 3 and 4 of the hypothesis testing procedure. Then summarize the results of the hypothesis testing procedure by putting your results in journal form.  Ignore the minus sign if your calculated z or t is negative.  [Note, if your calculated z or t is not identical to one of the values below, but within plus or minus 0.2 of an answer below, assume it’s a rounding error and select the answer that is closest to your calculated value.] 

A.  t (14) = 3.66,  p < .05

B.  z = 1.22,  p > .05

C.  t (15) = 2.16,  p <  .05

D.  t (14) = 2.16, p <.05

E.  z = 2.16,  p < .05

F.  t (10) = 1.25, p > .05

Question 9 

You ask a group of 10 adults to participate in a reaction time task concerning verbal comprehension while under the influence of a low dose of amphetamine (one of a variety of “speed” drugs, or central nervous system stimulants). The history of research indicates that performance on many tasks actually improves with low doses, but with higher doses, performance deteriorates). You record the following comprehension times (in seconds) required to identify the two meanings of ambiguous sentences, such as, “The mayor asked the police to stop drinking” or “The children ran in the house.” You hypothesize that the low dose of amphetamine will speed up the participants’ comprehension times (you expect faster/smaller time scores with a low dose of amphetamine, that is). The mean comprehension time on this task for persons who have not ingested any form of stimulant drug is µ = 1.4 seconds.

X (comprehension time, in seconds)  1.1  0.8  1.1  0.7  0.9  1.0  1.3  1.2  1.4  0.8

Which of the following are the correct statements of the null and alternate hypotheses, H0 and HA ?

A. H0: µ = 1.4 and HA: µ 1.4

B.  H0: µ 1.4 and HA: µ = 1.4

C. H0: µ > 1.4 and HA: µ 1.4

D.  H0: µ 1.4 and HA: µ < 1.4

 E. H0: µ < 1.4 and HA: µ 1.4

F.  H0: µ 1.4 and HA: µ > 1.4

Question 10 

 Assume you’re interested in the mental health effects of the “caregivers” caring for the elderly with Alzheimer’s disease.  Specifically, you expect that such caregivers will suffer from significantly elevated levels of depression as compared to the general population.  To measure depression in care-givers, you use a standard test of depression (STD) on which scores range from zero to 40, with high scores indicating higher levels of clinical depression.  The  mean in the general (normal) population of  on this test is µ = 20.  You get permission from ten caregivers who have worked in a local assisted living facility for Alzheimer’s patients for over two years to participate in your study. They are administered the STD and their scores are below.   18,  33,  32,  22,  31,  29,  21,  26,  17,  25Which of the following are the correct statements of the null and alternate hypotheses? 

 A. H0:  µ  ≤   20  and    HA:  µ  > 20 

B. H0:  µ  ≠  20  and   HA:  µ  = 20 

C. H0:  µ  ≠   20  and   HA:  µ  ≤  20

D.  H0:  µ  ≠   20 and   HA:  µ  ≤  20

E.  H0:  µ  ≥ 20 and   HA:  µ  <  20

F.  H0:  µ  =  20  and    HA:  µ  ≠  20