Question 1 Creating a spot map and reporting rates by county for West Nile virus is an example of: Question 1 options:

Question 1

Creating a spot map and reporting rates by county for West Nile virus is an example of:

Question 1 options:

A)

Distribution of disease

B)

Frequency of disease

C)

Determinants of disease

D)

Active surveillance

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Question 2 (2 points)

You are working in the epidemiology office at the local health department and have received 7 new lab reports for patients who have norovirus. Your first activity should be to:

Question 2 options:

A)

Notify the local hospital so that they can put staff on call

B)

Conduct active surveillance to find more cases

C)

Call the local health department director

D)

Create a spot map to see if there is a trend

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Question 3 (2 points)

An intern for the local hospital has been asked to compile data and statistics about the top ten diseases in the service area separated by subpopulation risk group. They use information from the CDC, state vital statistics and behavioral risk surveys done in the area. The intern is using epidemiology to:

Question 3 options:

A)

Help search for causes of disease

B)

Help citizens make personal decisions

C)

Assess the community's health

D)

Complete the clinical picture for physicians

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Question 4 (2 points)

Epidemiology is a fairly new medical profession requiring the use of microbiology, medical diagnoses and sociology.

Question 4 options:

True

False

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Question 5 (2 points)

Developing guidelines/criteria about which patients coming to the clinic should be tested for influenza is an example of using epidemiology to conduct:

Question 5 options:

A)

Analytic studies

B)

Public Health surveillance

C)

Policy development

D)

Field investigation

E)

Evaluation

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Question 6 (2 points)

Conducting an analysis of patient flow at influenza vaccination sites to determine waiting times for patients is an example of using epidemiology to conduct:

Question 6 options:

A)

Policy development

B)

Field investigation

C)

Public Health surveillance

D)

Evaluation

E)

Analytic studies

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Question 7 (2 points)

A patient who shows up at the Emergency department of the hospital with a headache states that he heard a kid at his school was just diagnosed with meningitis (a swelling of the brain). You have not received any reports of new cases. This new patient in the Emergency department would be considered a:

Question 7 options:

A)

Best case of meningitis

B)

Probable case of meningitis

C)

Confirmed case of meningitis

D)

Suspect case of meningitis

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Question 8 (2 points)

Epidemiologists find new cases with a case definition so that they can count individuals with disease and then...

Question 8 options:

A)

Implement prevention measures

B)

Establish policies for disease treatment

C)

Compare numbers of cases like gun deaths vs automobile accident deaths

D)

Divide by an appropriate denominator to get disease rates

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Question 9 (2 points)

If an epidemiologist is collecting data on cases and focuses on age, family history and Cholesterol level, they are gathering descriptive epidemiology based on:

Question 9 options:

A)

Person

B)

Place

C)

Time

D)

All three

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Question 10 (2 points)

Descriptive epidemiology typically includes:

Question 10 options:

A)

Source, mode of transmission, mode of exit

B)

Time, Place, Person

C)

John Snow, Robert Koch, and Kenneth Rothman

D)

Agent, host environment

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Question 11 (2 points)

The United States Congress authorized a research study in 2000 in order to obtain medical and sociological impacts of war on military members. The Department of Defense enrolled 140,000 subjects over the next 3 years, and will monitor the subject's health until 2020. This study design is a:

Question 11 options:

A)

Prospective Cohort study

B)

Cross sectional study

C)

Observational study

D)

Case/Control study

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Question 12 (2 points)

Between 1948 and 1952, researchers in London selected lung cancer patients in hospital and compared their smoking rates with people who were similar in age in hospital for other medical conditions. This study is an example of a:

Question 12 options:

A)

Prospective Cohort study

B)

Cross sectional study

C)

Observational study

D)

Case/Control study

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Question 13 (2 points)

A number of passengers on a cruise ship from Puerto Rico to the Panama Canal have recently developed a gastrointestinal illness compatible with norovirus (formerly called Norwalk-like virus). Testing for norovirus is not readily available in any nearby island, and the test takes several days even where available. Assuming you are the epidemiologist called on to board the ship and investigate this possible outbreak, your case definition should include, at a minimum: (Choose one best answer)

Question 13 options:

A)

Suspect cases

B)

Clinical criteria, plus specification of time, place, and person

C)

The nationally agreed standard case definition for disease reporting

D)

Clinical features, plus the exposure(s) you most suspect

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Question 14 (2 points)

Which of the following parts of the epidemiological triad is NOT involved when you vaccinate people for meningitis?

Question 14 options:

A)

Mode of transmission

B)

Agent

C)

Host

D)

Environment

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Question 15 (2 points)

A bimodal curve on a histogram (or epidemiological curve) tells the reader all of the following except:

Question 15 options:

A)

That the disease source has not been eliminated

B)

That the disease source may be intermittent

C)

That the disease is dying out

D)

That the disease may be spread from person to person

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Question 16 (2 points)

Cancer can be caused by Benzene, High dose radiation or with genetic mutations. Each of these can cause cancer independently (without the help of anything else). Each of these factors is:

Question 16 options:

A)

Not necessary NOR sufficient

B)

Necessary AND sufficient

C)

Necessary but not sufficient

D)

Not necessary but sufficient

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Question 17 (2 points)

A disease occurs when Agent A is present, but can also occur when agent B is present. However, Agent M ALWAYS occurs prior to the disease, while either agent A or B is present. Agent A is:

Question 17 options:

A)

Not necessary but sufficient

B)

Necessary but not sufficient

C)

Not necessary NOR sufficient

D)

Necessary AND sufficient

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Question 18 (2 points)

The rate at which those who are exposed to a pathogen become infected is referred to as:

Question 18 options:

A)

Virulence

B)

Severity

C)

Pathogenicity

D)

Infectivity

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Question 19 (2 points)

A term that refers to the proportion of people who are infected with a pathogen, who develop disease:

Question 19 options:

A)

Virulence

B)

Spectrum of disease

C)

Pathogenicity

D)

Infectivity

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Question 20 (2 points)

In 2017, hundreds of Salt Lake City teenagers were vaccinated for rabies because their high schools were infested with bats. Even after being warned not to touch the animals, the students played with the bats. Thinking about this infectious process, the bat is considered the:

Question 20 options:

A)

Vector

B)

Agent

C)

Environment

D)

Host

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Question 21 (2 points)

When considering norovirus (typically transmitted through indirect, fomite transmission), which phase of the chain of infection is involved when a hospital employee fails to wash their hands prior to eating lunch?

Question 21 options:

A)

Portal of exit

B)

Mode of transmission

C)

Portal of entry

D)

None of the above

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Question 22 (2 points)

When considering norovirus (typically transmitted through indirect, fomite transmission), which phase of the chain of infection is involved when a stair railing of a hospital is not cleaned daily?

Question 22 options:

A)

Portal of exit

B)

Mode of transmission

C)

Portal of entry

D)

None of the above

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Question 23 (2 points)

Knowing the difference between portal of exit, mode of transmission, and portal of entry for most diseases is not that critical because interventions remain the same regardless of how a disease is spread

Question 23 options:

True

False

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Question 24 (2 points)

In 2006, there were over 800 human cases of West Nile virus in Idaho (the previous year there were 10). Therefore, in 2006, West Nile virus was:

Question 24 options:

A)

Endemic to Idaho

B)

An Epidemic

C)

Clustered in Idaho

D)

A Pandemic

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Question 25 (2 points)

In 2006, there were over 800 human cases of West Nile virus in Idaho (the previous year there were 10). That same year there were significant increases in cases reported in Nicaragua and Spain. By definition, West Nile Virus in 2006 was:

Question 25 options:

A)

Epidemic

B)

A pandemic

C)

A Public Health Emergency of International Concern

D)

Endemic

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Question 26 (2 points)

Herd immunity is:

Question 26 options:

A)

The threshold at which the probability of two susceptible hosts coming in contact with each other is very low

B)

Improved through policies that allow families to "opt-out" of vaccination programs

C)

Only used when discussing zoonotic diseases (animal diseases)

D)

A false concept

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Question 27 (2 points)

The vaccination rate for mumps among college aged students is now lower than 85%. In 2006, there was a multi-state epidemic of mumps on college campuses. What principles of infection prevention could have been used to stop this epidemic?

Question 27 options:

A)

Ariel spraying for vectors

B)

Quarantine

C)

Antibiotic resistance

D)

Herd Immunity - improving vaccination rates

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Question 28 (2 points)

Which measure of central tendency represents the value(s) in a data set that occur most frequently?

Question 28 options:

A)

Mean

B)

Mode

C)

Median

D)

Standard Deviation

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Question 29 (2 points)

Which measure of central tendency has half of the observations below it, and half above it?

Question 29 options:

A)

Mode

B)

Mean

C)

Median

D)

Standard Deviation

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Question 30 (2 points)

Which measure of central tendency is the sum of all observations divided by the number of observations?

Question 30 options:

A)

Mean

B)

Mode

C)

Median

D)

Sum of Squares

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Question 31 (2 points)

Which measure of central tendency can have 2 numbers?

Question 31 options:

A)

Standard Deviation

B)

Median

C)

Mean

D)

Mode

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Question 32 (2 points)

If you have a data set with a range of 18-647 and a median of 315 and a mean of 498, what do you know about your data set?

Question 32 options:

A)

It is skewed

B)

It is normally distributed

C)

The data was collected poorly

D)

It is interval data

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Question 33

The interquartile range is defined as

Question 33 options:

A)

The distance between the mean and 34% of the observations

B)

The distance between the minimum and maximum

C)

The distance between the mean and Q1 and Q3

D)

The distance between Q1 and Q3

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Question 34

What central tendency measure is BEST to tell us about the spread of data on NON-normally distributed data sets?

Question 34 options:

A)

Standard deviation

B)

Range

C)

Mean

D)

Interquartile range

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Question 35

What is the range of values for 68% of the observations in a data set if the mean is 156 and the variance is 49?

Question 35 options:

A)

149-163

B)

It depends on the interquartile values

C)

It depends on the range

D)

107-205

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