Question 9 1 pts Christiansen's study of identical twins versus fraternal twins revealed that these twins were no more similar in criminal behavior...

Question 9

1 pts

Christiansen's study of identical twins versus fraternal twins revealed that

these twins were no more similar in criminal behavior than any two siblings.

these twins were no more similar in their criminal behavior than any two people selected randomly.

identical twins were less likely to be criminal than fraternal twins.

identical twins were more similar in their criminal behavior than fraternal twins were.

Question 10

1 pts

Differential association theory states that boys become delinquent because of

the directly rewarding nature of most forms of delinquency.

lack of attachments to parents.

attachments to delinquent people.

response to pressures made by the "normal" world leads them to form deviant subcultures with alternative values and goals.

Question 11

1 pts

The rewards of criminal acts to the offenders are typically

substantial.

well-maintained provided the offender is not arrested.

immediate.

roughly equal to the victim's loss.

Question 12

1 pts

In which of the following do structural strain theory and social control theory disagree?

Whether or not access to desired rewards is unequal among different members of a society.

Whether or not people are normally motivated to be loyal to pursue certain socially-approved goals using certain socially-approved means.

Whether or not people who deviate are "pushed" into it, or made "free" to do it.

Whether or not the objects of deviant behavior are potentially attractive.

Question 13

1 pts

The typical criminal act in the United States

involves little effort.

is done by someone who thought through their decision to commit a crime very carefully.

is as likely to be committed by a women as by a man.

is interrupted due to the lengthy time typically involved in completing it.

Question 14

1 pts

The basic question social control theorists ask is

"Why do they do it?"

"Why don't they do it?"

"Why is this particular act considered deviant?"

"How do people learn deviant actions and values on others?"

Question 15

1 pts

According to the author of your text, which of the following presents problems for at least some aspect(s) of differential association theory?

Research on the extent to which criminality runs in families.

The existence of deviant subcultures.

Research on the issue of whether or not delinquents tend to have delinquent friends.

The issue of how deviant friends or relatives themselves became deviant.

Question 16

1 pts

According to Donald West and David Farrington's study of English families, ____ of families account for almost ____ of all criminal convictions.

10%; 80%

5%; 90%

5%; 50%

25%; 50%

Question 17

1 pts

Since she left the "straight life," Greta is "into" heroin as well as "punk" music, dress, and ideology. Among the people around her, she is not deviant at all; she is just "one of us" to other punks. Which theory would most specifically apply to Greta's situation?

subcultural deviance

subcultural strain

differential association

structural strain

Question 18

1 pts

The fundamental proposition on which most sociological theories of deviance are based is

those with the most power and wealth are those who will define what is "deviant" and who are "deviants."

attachments tend to produce conformity to others.

crime and deviance will be greater among the poor and dispossessed.

society needs deviance in order to define and reward normalcy.