Research Proposal Thesis Question: How does the criminal justice system in America discriminate against African Americans and other people of color? Thesis Answer: According to the Sentencing Pro

Research Proposal

Thesis Question: How does the criminal justice system in America discriminate against African Americans and other people of color?

Thesis Answer: According to the Sentencing Project, the criminal justice system in America discriminates against African Americans and other people of color because (1) after being arrested they are likely to face harsher charges; (2) stand a greater chance of being convicted (3) and ultimately receive much stiffer sentences (4) as indicative in a range of legal cases.

a little background information and end with the thesis

Please access the following link for details regarding in-text citations, etc.:   CHICAGO-STYLE DATE AUTHOR PAPER (Links to an external site.)

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Sentence Outline

Thesis Question: What motivated Benjamin Lay to become an anti-slavery advocate and what methods did he use?

Thesis Answer: Benjamin Lay became an anti-slavery advocate during the early to mid-1700s after witnessing slavery in Barbados by (1) kidnapping the children of slaveholders, (2) writing articles and a book, as well as by (3) refusing to use any products produced by slaveholders.

1. Benjamin Lay kidnapped the children of Quaker slaveholders.

          a. Lay kidnapped the children so that the parents might feel the pain of slave children and their parents separated due to slave sales and auctions. 

          b. The parents and authorities were very upset with Lay for kidnapping the children. 

          c. Lay had a great impact on the parents, even after he returned the children.

2. Benjamin Lay wrote articles and books about stopping slavery. 

          a. Lay’s article about slavery in Barbados appeared in Benjamin Franklin’s Pennsylvania Gazette, although Franklin was a life-time slaveholder. 

          b. Lay wrote a major book about the evil of slavery in Franklin’s Gazette, “All Slavekeepers – Apostates.”

3. Lay refused to use products made by slaveholders or their slaves. 

          a. Lay abstained from using alcohol and thought it was evil. 

          b. Lay abstained from using tobacco, a crop picked by black slaves. 

          c. Lay, a Quaker, abstained from wearing cotton clothes because the cotton was picked by slaves.

 CONCLUSION (Just type this word 'CONCLUSION'. Do not write a conclusion at this point.)

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                                                                                           Bibliography

                (Do NOT type the print in green or brown. Place entries in ALPHABETICAL ORDER.)

(Web source with Title)

Felluga, Dino. "Benjamin Lay: A Great Hero."  Purdue University at Sunny Land's California Campus.

           10 March 2000. www.Purdue.edu. Accessed 15 Jan. 2017. 

Author's last and first name. "Title." Publisher. Date of Publication. Web Address. Access Date.

(Book Source)

Gillespie, Paula. Lay and Slavery Views. Allyn. Boston. 2000. 

Author's last and first name. Title. Publisher. Place of Publication. Date of Publication.

(Web source with no author)

"Hopeful Benjamin Lay Rises."  Network Television Broadcast with Universal Pictures, Incorporated.

          28 Oct. 1998. www.UniversalPictures.com. Accessed 13 April 2017.

"Title."  Publisher. Date of Publication. Web Address. Access Date.

Please list and alphabetize your sources, using the author's last name. If that's not available, please use the first word of the title to alphabetize.  DO NOT INCLUDE LONG LINKS.  USE ONLY THE BASIC PARTS OF THE LINK SUCH AS www.ccp.edu.

FOR MORE DETAILED INFORMATION ABOUT THE REQUIRED CHICAGO-STYLE FORMAT AND BIBLIOGRAPHY ENTRIES, ACCESS:   CHICAGO-STYLE DATE AUTHOR PAPER (Links to an external site.)

THIS ASSIGNMENT MUST INCLUDE IN A SINGLE FILE:

1.  Cover Page

2.  Research Proposal paragraph

3.  Sentence Outline

4.  Bibliography page

citations: 

Racial Prejudice in the Criminal Justice System

Cooper, T. (n.d.). Racial Prejudice in the Criminal Justice System. Retrieved September 26, 2020, from https://scholarworks.uark.edu/englfea/6/

"Racial prejudice against African Americans has been the leading cause of high incarceration rates amongst the African American community. Within the United States, the census reported that African Americans make up about 17.9 percent of the population, with one-third of the people making up the incarcerated population in America."

NEW JIM CROW

ALEXANDER, M. (2020). NEW JIM CROW: Mass incarceration in the age of colorblindness. NEW YORK: NEW Press.

"Race ethnicity and crime are bound together in American society. It is impossible to discuss policing, sentencing, the death penalty or employment in the criminal Justice system without confronting issues of race, ethnicities, and disparities that exist throughout the system."

The color of justice: Race, ethnicity, and crime in America

Walker, S., Spohn, C., & DeLone, M. (2018). The color of justice: Race, ethnicity, and crime in America. Boston, MA: Cengage Learning.

"There are different kinds of discrimination: systematic, individual, and contextual. The system is characterized by contextual discrimination. Racial minorities are treated more hardy than whites at some stage of the criminal Justice process. For example the decision to seek or impose the death penalty."