Review Sheet for Chapters 12 , 13 , 14 , 16 and 17 Chapter 12 : 1 - What are the stages of Mitosis and the changes that happen to the cell during

Chapter 12

1-What are the stages of Mitosis and the changes that happen to the cell during each stage?

2-What are the check points at interphase and what is the significance of each one?

3-What signals the transfer from G1 to S to G2 phase?

4-What inhibits cell division?

5-What is the difference between malignant and benign cancer?

Chapter 13

1-What are the stages of meiosis and what are the major changes at each stage?

2-What is the difference between mitosis and meiosis?

3-What contributes to genetic variation in meiosis?

4-What is the difference between meiosis I and II?

Chapter 14

Define:

a) True breeder

b) Homo zygote

c) Hetero zygote

d) Hybrid

e) Mono hybrid cross

f) Di hybrid cross

g) Allele

h) Dominant

i) Recessive

j) Law of segregation

k) Genotype

l) Phenotype

m) Test cross

n) Law of independent assortment

o) Incomplete dominance

p) Co dominance

q) Pleiotropy

r) Epistasis

s) Multi factorial

t) Polygenic inheritance

Be able to solve genetic problems for percentage of genotype, and phenotype of P, F1 and F2

generations.

Chapter 16/17

1- What is the structure of the DNA molecule and what do we mean by antiparalel?

2- What is a nucleotide?

3- What are the nitrogenous bases and to which one are purines and pyrimidine?

4- What type of bond holds the two DNA strand together?

5- What is the semiconservative model?

6- Name the three enzymes involved in DNA replication and their function?

7- What are okazaki fragments?

8- Know the steps of DNA replication and the direction in which the new strand grows.

9- What is a codon?

10- What are exons and introns?

11- Define mutation?

12- How many nucleotides encode for one amino acid?

13- Know the details for the transcription and translation that happens during protein synthesis?

14- Name the types of RNA molecules involved in protein synthesis?

15- If given RNA sequence be able to find the corresponding protein molecule.

If give an amino acid sequence, be able to know the RNA sequence

• Attachment 1
• Attachment 2

Review Sheet for Chapters 12 , 13 , 14 , 16 and 17Chapter 12 :1 -What are the stages of Mitosis and the changes that happen to the cell during each stage ?"2 -What are the check points at interphase and what is the significance of each one ?3 -What signals the transfer from G 1 to $ to G 2 phase ?\4 -What inhibits cell division ?\5 -What is the difference between malignant and benign cancer ?"Chapter 13 :11 -What are the stages of meiosis and what are the major changes at each stage ?2 -What is the difference between mitosis and meiosis ?"3 -What contributes to genetic variation in meiosis ?4 -What is the difference between meiosis I and II ?Chapter 14 :`Define :"a ) True breederb ) HomozygoteC ) Heterozygousd ) Hybrid@ ) Monohybrid crossf ) Dihybrid cross8 ) Alleleh ) Dominant1 ) Recessivej) Law of segregationK ) Genotype1 ) Phenotypem ) Test crossn ) Law of independent assortment0 ) Incomplete dominanceP ) Codominance9 ) Pleiotropy( ) Epistasis5 ) Multifactorial+ ) Polygenic inheritanceBe able to solve genetic problems for percentage of genotype and phenotype of P , FI and F Zgenerations .