Rip Towing, Inc. is widely known throughout town as the towing company that causes intentional damage to cars it tows.

Rip Towing, Inc. is widely known throughout town as the towing company that causes intentional damage to cars it tows. Lance Landlord sees the car owned by non-resident Grad Student parked on his apartment property again. Lance thinks Grad is trespassing just to get to class early. In fact, Grad is legally parked, visiting a tenant. Lance calls Rip. Sure enough, Rip chains up Grad's car while towing it, intentionally tearing the transmission out of it. ASide from the conversion or trespass issues, Lance's risk of liability to Grad is best supported by: