SOC 100 FINAL EXAM PART 2

Question 1 According to Domhoff, the _____ is made up of individuals who are linked to the social upper class, the corporate community, and the policy-formation organizations that influence government policy.executive branchpower elitedominant classbourgeoisieQuestion 2 Which of the following would be considered a political right?The right to vote after being convicted of a felonyThe right to Social SecurityThe right to freedom from racial discriminationThe right to practice one’s religion without persecutionQuestion 3 The codified rules of behavior established by a government and backed by the threat of force are known as:RitualStatutesLegal normsLawQuestion 4 A single people or nation governed by a political authority or state is commonly referred to as:Nation-stateCountryStateSocietyQuestion 5 Economically productive activities that do not result directly in a physical product are known as:GoodsProductsServicesAmenitiesQuestion 6 Karl Marx introduced the idea of a _____, a pool of job-seekers whose numbers outpace the available positions and who contribute to keeping wages low and conditions of work tenuous.pool of unemploymentunemployed labor poolreserve army of laborlabor army reserveQuestion 7 The replacement of human labor by machines in the process of manufacturing is known as:RoboticsMechanizationMechanical productionAutomationQuestion 8 Highly educated professionals who engage in mental labor and the manipulation of symbols are also known as:Symbolic interactionistsComputer programmersSymbolic analystsKnowledge laborersQuestion 9 Which of the following is the number one cause of premature death in the United States?ObesityHomicideTobaccoAIDSQuestion 10 An institutionalized system for the scientific diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of illness is known as:HealthHealthcareMedicinePublic medicineQuestion 11 What is the definition of morbidity?The rate of deathThe rate of illnessThe rate of incidence of physical ailmentsThe number of people who seek medicial attention in a given period of timeQuestion 12 Which of the following food categories receives the most federal subsidies?Fruits and vegetablesMeats and dairySugarAlcoholQuestion 13 The phenomenon of war boosting economic productivity and employment is referred to as:War economyWar machineMilitary industrial complexWar industrial economyQuestion 14 Violence that is intentionally dramatic and enacted for the purpose of attracting attention and publicity and spreading fear is known as:Dramaturgical violenceHistrionic violenceDramatical violencePerformative violenceQuestion 15 Of the 2.5 million young enlisted U.S. men served in Vietnam, about what percentage were from working-class and poor backgrounds?35667480Question 16 The U.S.-Afghanistan conflict is an example of:Asymmetrical guerilla warfareLarge-scale combatGenocidal conflictPreemptive war of aggressionQuestion 17 The science of population size, distribution, and composition is defined as:EthnographyPopulation studiesDemographyDemographicsQuestion 18 Which of the following is a characteristic of a second demographic transition?Decreased rates of divorceA rise of non-marital births as a proportion of all birthsA rise in the rate of natural increase (RNI)Larger family sizesQuestion 19 Which is the preferred measure for demographers to estimate future fertility?Crude birth ratesAge-specific fertility ratesAge-specific live birthsCrude death ratesQuestion 20 What total fertility rate represents replacement rate fertility (in which each parent is able to replace himself or herself)?2.12.52.01.9Question 21 Temporary gatherings of closely interacting people with a common focus are known as:CrowdsRiotsMassesContagionsQuestion 22 The development of increasing societal complexity through the creation of specialized social roles and institutions is referred to as:DifferentiationSpecializationInterdependenceDivision of laborQuestion 23 Dominant ideas that lead people to consent to their own domination are known as:IdeologiesHegemoniesDogmasIdeological subjugationsQuestion 24 Which of the following theorists highlighted the importance of ideas in maintaining order and oppression in society?Karl MarxMax WeberAntonio GramsciPierre BourdieuQuestion 25 According to Antonio Gramsci, _____ intellectuals are those who emerge from oppressed groups and create counterhegemonies that challenge dominant and dominating ideas.traditionalorganicmechanicalMarxist