There are two papers in this assignment. (Paper 2) could be as long as 2 pages long. Paper 2 and 3 are also connected in a way. PAPER 2 DIRECTIONS: This short paper sets up the assumptions portion o

There are two papers in this assignment. (Paper 2) could be as long as 2 pages long. 

Paper 2 and 3 are also connected in a way. 

PAPER 2 DIRECTIONS:

This short paper sets up the assumptions portion of your research that will be used in paper 3. The focus is on “all else constant.” You will develop an all-else-constant strategy.

The two states you will consider for both this assignment and paper 3 are Pennsylvania and Ohio.  THIS PAPER IS TO CONCERN 2020 ONLY.

This assignment involves three elements.

Element 1. Discuss, in general, the all-else-constant concept. Why is it so important to economic analysis?

Element 2. Discuss in general the things that might affect infection rates OTHER THAN state restrictive/non-restrictive policies among states.  Outside sources with citations needed. PLEASE USE FREE SOURCES THAT EVERYONE CAN ACCESS EASILY, DO NOT USE SOURCES THAT REQUIRE SUBSCRIPTIONS OR MONEY.

Element 3. Consider your Element 2 discussion. Describe the steps you might take to satisfy the “all else constant” requirements of your paper 3 analysis for Pennsylvania and Ohio. Choose a few of the factors mentioned in element 2.  You must compare the factors you choose to analyze, based on element 2 and this must be based on research. You are comparing these factors across the two states. These include things that might be similar in the two states and therefore are constant. These need to be listed with reference to the sources you use. In addition, list factors that you have to ASSUME are constant, that you will need caveats for in your paper 3 analysis. Summarize your all-else-constant strategy.

MLA FORMAT FOR IN-TEXT CITATION AND WORK CITED PAGE!

Please delineate your sections with subheadings. As usual, proper citation methodology is mandatory. 

PAPER 3 DIRECTIONS:

Part 3, is your analysis. Therefore no citation is required. This is your own original analysis. Here are the elements:

Your states are Pennsylvania and Ohio. Please only analyze 2020  

Element 1. Using the Johns Hopkins University data 

(copy and paste the links below next to each state to get the information)

 Ohio: https://coronavirus.jhu.edu/data/state-timeline/new-confirmed-cases/ohio

 Pennsylvania: https://coronavirus.jhu.edu/data/state-timeline/new-confirmed-cases/pennsylvania

Investigate for possible correlations between state restrictive/non-restrictive policies and infection rates. Look at trends, not just individual data points. You must present explicit data for infections, not just words, and specific policy implementations. Consider that some periods might have different results than others. THERE ARE NO RIGHT OR WRONG ANSWERS as long as the analysis is done thoroughly. There may be a relationship or there may not be. This is strictly positive analysis and must be objective. End this section with your research observations regarding whether or not there is a relationship between policy and infection rates.

 Element 2. In Paper 2 you listed factors that you held constant BY ASSUMPTION as well as similarities which were truly constant. In this element you will explain how those assumptions, not the actually constant, might bias your results. Might your outcome have been different if you didn’t impose the all else constant assumption. This is essentially a caveat to your results. 

Element 3. Based solely on your analysis, do you conclude, or not conclude, that the types of policies used by the states can help the economy?