Visual Aid Outline and Speech

Topic

Choose a topic that you are interested in and that your audience might be interested in.

Format

• This outline should be at least 3 pages in length and use 12-point font.
• Use appropriate coordination and subordination. Use full sentences, including subjects and verbs for the main ideas or main points and the 1st order of subordinate ideas or sub-points. Consistently use either full-sentence or list form for 2nd -order sub-points supporting the same 1st order sub-point. Usually use list form for 3rd order, 4th order, and 5th order sub-points.
• Enhance the readability of the outline. Use only one idea per point, only one sentence per point, single-space each point, and double-space vertically between points. Leave a line of white space between each point at every level.
• Transitions between major sections and the main points should be provided in the outline (enclosed in parentheses). Use transitions to move the audience’s attention from one section to another or from one main point to another.
• Use a consistent pattern of indentation. Type main points flush with the left margin. Indent 5 spaces for 1st-order sub-points, 10 spaces for 2nd-order sub-points, 15 spaces for 3rd-order sub-points, 20 spaces for 4th-order sub-points.
  • Use the following system to label the points in the body:
  • Main Points: upper case Roman numerals [I, II, III, IV, V]
  • 1st -order sub-points: upper case letters [A, B, C, D, E]
  • 2nd -order sub-points: Arabic numerals [1, 2.3, 4, 5]
  • 3rd -order sub-points: lower-case letters {a, b, c, d, e],
  • 4th -order sub-points: Arabic numerals in parentheses [(1), (2), (3)]

Content

Specific Purpose: Formulated into one sentence, the specific purpose identifies the precise response the speaker desires from the audience. Do not use infinitive phrases, i.e., “to inform” or “to persuade.” Place the label for the specific purpose sentence flush with the left margin.

Thesis Sentence: The thesis sentence (addressed to the audience, not the instructor) summarizes everything the speaker intends to say during the speech. Place the label for the thesis sentence flush with the left margin.

The introduction should gain attention, orient the audience by stating the topic, offer a reason for listening, and preview the body of the speech. The introduction (which may be outlined or written word-for-word) is designed to

1. gain the attention of the audience;
2. establish the speaker's credibility; and
3. orient the audience to the body of the speech.

Do not say “I will tell the story of ____,” or “I will do X, Y, or Z.” Actually outline or write the story here in the Introduction, such as “Have you ever found yourself repeating mistakes you have made before?” Actually outline or write the question here.

Enclose transitions within parentheses ( ) on a line or lines separate from the rest of the outline. Transitions may link major sections OR main ideas OR subordinate ideas within the body of the speech.

The body must contain 2-5 main points using patterns of organization covered in the textbook; other patterns of organization must have prior approval by the instructor. Each main point must be well supported by 2-5 1st-order sub-points designed to illustrate the main points (examples, illustrations, facts, quotations, etc.) Don't overload the audience with information. Move from simple to complex ideas. Move from familiar to unfamiliar ideas. Define your terms.

The body develops your ideas, condenses your thinking and research, ensuring that you have done an adequate job of preparation. The entire outline should contain more material than you have time to use in your speech and must be at least 3 pages in length [2 full + 1 partial). You must use two-five (2-5) main ideas and two-five (2-5) subordinate (sub-points) points for each main point or higher-level sub-point.

The conclusion should restate or summarize the main points and communicate a sense of finality (verbally or nonverbally indicate that you have finished talking). You may end with a story or quotation.

The conclusion (which may be outline or written word-for-word) is designed to

1. provide the audience with a sense of finality,
2. leave the audience in the proper mood, and
3. focus the audience's thinking on your topic.

Bibliography: The bibliography reports where you found the information for your speech. There are two general sources of information: your own personal experience and what you have learned from outside sources (reading or interviewing). You must indicate where you obtained your information. You are expected to provide at least six sources for this speech.

If some of your information came from your own experience, specify that personal experience in the bibliography. For example, “I based this speech on water safety totally upon my personal experience as a lifeguard at Norms' Resort, Cottage Lake, for the seven summers from 1959 until 1965." Your personal experience will count as only one of six or more sources of information required.

You must include and cite properly (in APA format) at least one source from the Columbia College library database. Do not use Wikipedia as a source of information. However, if you cite electronic sources, provide enough information so that I could duplicate your search. Include at least the author or editor, title, date, publication medium, publisher, and the Universal Resource Locator [URL], which includes protocol, site, path, and file.

Sample Outline for Speech 3: Visual Aids

Preparation Outline 3: Visual Aids

by

Julie Smith

Specific Purpose: I want the audience to understand how to accumulate money for retirement.

Thesis Sentence: Invest 10% of earned income in long-term investments yielding an average total annual return of 10% for 30 years.

Introduction

When you retire, how many of you would like to know that you will never have to worry about money again? Of course, all of us would like that, but how many of us will be in that position? I worked as a financial planner for a few years in the early 2000s, and I can help you decide if you will be free from money worries when you retire. The rest of the speech is designed to help you calculate how much money you will need when you retire, so that you can do something about that now—and every year between now and when you retire.

Body

1. What is the most important thing you need to know about investing for retirement?
   1. Financial planners who know what they are talking about will tell you that you need to have a well-diversified portfolio covering the major asset classes.
      1. You will need some fixed return assets such as savings accounts, fixed annuities, bonds, bond funds, social security retirement benefits, and, perhaps, company pension benefits.
      2. You will need some variable return assets such as stocks and stock funds.
   2. But, I am here to tell you that diversification is not the entire story.
      1. To maximize your retirement prospects, you should live on not more than 70% of your gross income.
      2. You should not be paying more than 20% of your gross income on debt payments.
      3. You should be saving and investing at least 10% of your gross income for your retirement.
      4. You should not be borrowing or spending any of your retirement investments for any other purpose.
         1. down payment on a home
         2. education for your children or you
2. How do you decide how much income your investments will need to generate when you actually retire?
   1. Some planners like to use a formula based upon a percentage of your present income.
      1. 50% of gross or net income
      2. 60% of gross or net income
      3. 70% of gross or net income
      4. 80% of gross or net income
      5. 100% of gross or net income
   2. Other planners like to do a needs analysis.
      1. Calculate your current living expenses.
      2. If you own a home, and if your mortgage will be paid off when you retire, subtract the principal and interest expense (not the real estate taxes and homeowners’ insurance).
      3. Subtract the amount of Social Security tax you now pay (7.65% currently).
      4. The result is the amount of money you will need for retirement income.
   3. Include an inflation calculation to account for the loss of purchasing power of future income.
      1. 3%
      2. 4%
      3. 5%

      Note: Be careful. Just because we haven’t had much inflation lately, that doesn’t mean we won’t have more in the future.

   4. Estimate the amount of retirement income you will receive from a variety of sources.
      1. Social Security retirement
      2. government or military pensions
      3. Individual Retirement Accounts
      4. other private savings and investments.
3. Let’s take a look at how much you can accumulate, based upon a consistent annual investment.
   1. If you can invest 10% of your gross income each year for 20 years, and if you can realize a total annual return (capital gains, dividends, and price appreciation) of 10%, you can accumulate $56,275.01.
   2. If you can invest 10% of your gross income each year for 30 years, and if you can realize a total annual return (capital gains, dividends, and price appreciation) of 10%, you can accumulate $163,494.10.
   3. If you can invest 10% of your gross income each year for 40 years, and if you can realize a total annual return (capital gains, dividends, and price appreciation) of 10%, you can accumulate $441,593.00.
   4. If you can invest 10% of your gross income each year for 50 years, and if you can realize a total annual return (capital gains, dividends, and price appreciation) of 10%, you can accumulate $1,162,91.10.
4. How much income will these principal amounts produce?
   1. Assume a 4% rate of return.
      1. $56,275.01 generates $2,251.00 per year.
      2. $163,794.10 generates $6,539.764 per year.
      3. $441,593.00 generates $17,663.72 per year.
      4. $1,162,910.00 generates $46,516.40 per year.
   2. Assume an 8% rate of return.
      1. $56,275.01 generates $4,502.00 per year.
      2. $163,794.10 generates $13,079.53 per year.
      3. $441,593.00 generates $35,327.44 per year.
      4. $1,162,910.00 generates 93,032.80 per year.

Conclusion

Well, now you know you need to do if you want to have enough money to retire on. Live on less than you earn, diversify, invest at least 10% of your gross income for retirement, and earn at least 10% per year on this investment until you retire. Calculate the amount of money you will need to retire on, but include an inflation calculation as part of this planning process. Estimate the amount of retirement income you will receive from a variety of sources: Social Security retirement, government or military pensions, and Individual Retirement Accounts, and other private savings and investments.

Bibliography

The American Association of Retired Persons. Retirement Calculator. http://sites.stockpoint.com/aarp_rc/wm/Retirement/Retirement.asp?act=LOGIN Accessed on October 24, 2015.

Certified Financial Planner Board of Standards, Inc. http://www.cfp.net/learn/ Accessed on October 24, 1005

Fidelity Investments. Retirement Resource Center. http://personal.fidelity.com/retirement/?bar=c Accessed on October 24, 2015

The Financial Planning Association. http://www.fpanet.org/ Accessed on October 24, 2015

The Richest Man in Babylon. By George S. Clason. New York: Bantam Books (February, 1982)

TIAA/CREF. Retirement Goal Evaluator. https://www3.tiaa-cref.org/reteval/RetServlet Accessed on October 24, 2015

Speech Guidelines

Purpose

The purpose of the visual aids speech is to use audio/visual aids to help the audience to understand an idea, concept, process, or procedure. Gain and hold the audience’s attention in an interesting manner. Use your classmates’ introductions to analyze your audience. Choose a topic that you are interested in and that your audience might be interested in. You must use at least one audio- orvisual aid to help the audience understand the topic.

Length

This speech should be 5-7 minutes long. You will lose points if your speech is less than 5 minutes or is longer than 7 minutes and 15 seconds. Use at least 3 outside sources of information (6 for maximum credit) for the visual aids speech. Cite these sources orally in your speech. You may use written sources (books, magazines, newspapers), credible online sources, and personal interviews.

Sources

Use at least 3 outside sources of information (6 for maximum credit) for the visual aids speech. Cite these sources orally in your speech, where you use them in the body of the speech. You may use written sources (e.g., books, magazines, newspapers), credible online sources, and personal interviews.

Organization

The introduction to the visual aids speech should gain attention, orient the audience by stating the topic, offer a reason for listening, and preview the body of the speech.

The body of the visual aids speech must contain 2-5 main points using patterns of organization covered in the textbook; other patterns of organization must have prior approval by the instructor. Each main point must be well supported by 2-5 1st-order sub-points (what the textbook calls “subpoints”) designed to illustrate the main points (examples, illustrations, facts, quotations, etc.) Don't overload the audience with information. Move from simple to complex ideas. Move from familiar to unfamiliar ideas. Define your terms.

The conclusion of the visual aids speech should restate or summarize the main points and communicate a sense of finality (verbally or nonverbally indicate that you have finished talking). You may end the speech with a story or quotation.

Transitions between major sections of the visual aids speech (introduction, body, conclusion) and the main points should be carefully planned and used while delivering the speech. Use transitions to move the audience’s attention from section to section and from main point to main point in the body of the speech.

Delivery

You must use an extemporaneous method of delivery (not manuscript, memorized, impromptu). Try to use eye contact, facial expressions, posture, gestures, appropriate volume, pronunciation, articulation, and vocal variety effectively. Think about delivery when you are rehearsing the speech. During the speech, concentrate on the message and the importance of communicating the message to the audience.

You can use 1 or 2 note cards; if you use more than two (2) note cards or a sheet or sheets of paper for delivery notes, you will lose points. You must display your notes on camera before you begin speaking.

You should be looking at the audience about 85% of the time. You will lose points if you look at your notes too frequently or for too long at one time.