What are the implications of expanded use of capitation, Accountable Care Organizations, and related payment approaches that put providers and/or

What are the implications of expanded use of capitation, Accountable Care Organizations, and related payment approaches that put providers and/or payors at financial risk for high levels of utilization? What is the difference between management's efforts to control utilization and maintain adequate services, and management's efforts to maximize utilization? How can provider groups that accept capitation risk internally allocate payments to clinical professionals and institutional providers in a manner that creates appropriate incentives?