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Who was Dr. Benjamin Spock?
He was a pediatrician who wrote a book: "Baby and Child Care" published in 1946, a phenomenal best seller.
Just as the post World War 2 baby boom was starting, he wrote a book on raising children that was a modern approach. He applied psychology to raising children. In an era where extended family might not be available (no Grandparents nearby or wanted) he provided a "manual" for child care. It was wildly successful. The book is still available in revised versions.
He was a left wing activist and protested against the War in Vietnam.