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QUESTION

Why is iron hard and sodium is soft, yet they are both metals?

Sodium is an alkali metal and is very soft and can cut through knife while iron is a transition metal which is very hard and requires great energy to break apart.Iron is hard, tough and strong compared with sodium because of the strong metallic atom-atom .The strong attractive force between the atoms is only weakened at high temperatures; hence iron has the high melting points and boiling points.This strong bonding between atoms holding them together in iron gives it high . For example: iron has a density of ##7.9 g/(cm)^3 ##and sodium has a density of ##0.97 g/(cm)^3## (less than water hence floats on water)</p>

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