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Write 5 pages thesis on the topic psychoneuroendocrinology: the story of depression.

Write 5 pages thesis on the topic psychoneuroendocrinology: the story of depression. Depression ( Major Depressive Disorder-MDD) is a complex disorder with a biological ( Fava cited in Jabbi et al. 2008, p. 2) and psychological basis that affects millions of people worldwide and is defined as “a mental disorder with depressed mood, loss of interest or pleasure, feelings of guilt or low self-worth, disturbed sleep or appetite, low energy, and poor concentration.” (WHO 2010) According to the World Health Organization, the number of people suffering from depression is 121 million, resulting in 850.000 suicide deaths every year (WHO 2010). Since it affects both genders and can appear in any age group, the impact on personal and community life is severe. The aim of this essay is therefore to review the ongoing intense research efforts aiming to better understand, assess, diagnose, and treat the disorder.

Many scientists focus their attention on the factors that may predispose the individual to develop the disorder from an early age. Factors such as family structure, the quality of relationship with the parents, with peers, and self-esteem appear important and influence the development of depression in adolescents (Brendgen et al. 2005, Costello et al. 2008). Other social parameters that influence the individual propensity to develop depressive symptoms include highly demanding careers, such as medicine (Voltmer et al 2008), and physical characteristics that affect self-image, such as being overweight or obese ( Wright et al 2010).

Other important predisposing factors include chronic diseases that can be life-threatening such as cancer. Ominous diseases like malignant neoplasms put the patient through a tremendous ordeal, making him vulnerable to depression at any age group (Seitz et al. 2010, Weinberger et al. 2010). In general, chronic somatic pain with a multivariate etiology is a major contributor to the development of the disorder.

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