Write a 2 page essay on Immunology.Innate immunity is usually immediate and non-specific response. The Adaptive immune response is only activated when the pathogen evades the innate immunity. Adaptive

Write a 2 page essay on Immunology.

Innate immunity is usually immediate and non-specific response. The Adaptive immune response is only activated when the pathogen evades the innate immunity. Adaptive immune response acts by recognition of the pathogen and retained after the pathogenic infection has been eliminated (Doan, 2008).

The Humoral immune response is a branch of adaptive immune response. Humoral immune response act on pathogens that are outside the bed such as toxins and bacterias, during the response antibodies which are protein bodies present in the body are produced and secreted into the blood stream and other body fluids to help in fighting with the intruding agents by binding to them and destroying them (Doan, 2008).

In the case of the student who was first exposed to the avian flu the humoral system retained the response given first hence when the student was infected again by the flu the immune response had the memory and hence acted on it faster than the first time (Doan, 2008).

The T helper cells are responsible for suppressing and regulation of the innate responses. Low helper T cells results in hypersensitivity reactions to the patient because the body will view the host’s antigen presenting the antibody as foreign and go on to destroy all the host antigens.

They include chemical, mechanical, and biological barriers. Chemically the skin produces an antimicrobial agent that protects against pathogens. Mechanically, sneezing helps to expel foreign bodies present in the respiratory tract.

This response comes first after an infection. Cytokines are produced and they communicate with the white blood cells to recruit immune cells to the infection site hence healing takes place after removal of the pathogens (Doan,