Write a 8 page essay on Literature Review: Emotions.Individuals are able to control virtually each aspect of emotional processing which includes cognitive appraisals, ability to draw attention through

Write a 8 page essay on Literature Review: Emotions.

Individuals are able to control virtually each aspect of emotional processing which includes cognitive appraisals, ability to draw attention through emotions and its physiological consequences (Koole, 2008). Besides understanding emotions and its dimensions, it is also important to understand the psychological, experimental and behavioral responses by an individual in an emotional state. These are measured through different means where the most common method to gauge emotional state is the facial and vocal expression and bodily behavior. These expressions and behaviors vary depending upon the event which can be of positive and negative. This paper reviews different articles and journals on emotions and measurements to conclude how an emotion differs in individual emotional state to what extent the researches are successful in measuring them. Emotions defined There are many definitions that define emotions. however, in simple words emotion is a response which involves expressive behaviors, physical arousal and conscious experience. In other words, emotions are defined as the bodily feelings that are associated with personality, mood, disposition, temperament and motivation. Dr. Bradley Nelson (n.d.) in “The emotions code” describes list of emotions associated with people such as anxiety, frustration, jealousy, anger, nervousness, guilt, lust, headache/ heartache, confusion, hatred, conflict, insecurity, crying, panic, despair, sadness, hopelessness, depression and many others. While defining emotion, it is important to distinguish emotions from feelings, moods and affects. Feelings are the subjective way of expressing an emotion which is private and personal to the individual who is experiencing it, whereas moods can be stated as diffused emotional states which is for a longer durations than emotions. However, affect is a term which is used to describe feelings, moods and emotion together. Emotions are exerted through three forces i.e. emotional behaviors that are observable (such as words or facial expressions), arousal and verbal explanations related to emotional state. Among all, the facial expressions are the clearest way to express an emotion and through which it can be easily gauged. Moreover, A review by Mauss and Robinson (2009) analyzes a model of emotions based on psychological, experimental and behavioral responses to meaningful stimulus. Their review discusses how the different forms of emotion-evocative stimuli are linked with invariant and discrete patterns of responses in each response system. The review suggests that the measurement of emotional responding can be structured along dimensions (for example arousal, valence, etc) slightly than discrete emotional state (for example anger, fear, sadness, etc). Moreover, the paper gives a brief overview of the response systems, its measurement and the sensitivity analysis of emotional state. Their study explained that psychological, experiential and behavioral response systems are connected with different and distinctive sources of variance that limits the magnitude of junction across the measures of response system. Various measures of emotions such as Self-report, Autonomic nervous system measures, EEG, PET, Facial behavior, whole body behavior, and whole body behavior are also discussed.