Write responses to each of the following questions based on the reading. Answer the questions fully and in detail (supporting your answers with...

Write responses to each of the following questions based on the reading. Answer the questions fully and in detail (supporting your answers with reasons). 

1) Explain what the "placebo effect" is. Why does it make anecdotal reports of the effectiveness of medicine doubtful? 

2) Explain the concept of "falsifiability". Why does Karl Popper think that psychoanalytic theories are unfalsifiable? Explain. 

3) Explain the concept of "simplicity". If simplicity is an important virtue of hypotheses, what implication does that have for large conspiracy theories? 

4) Explain the concept of "conservation". Why is it important for a new hypothesis to be conservative?