11) The starting point of science as a process or a way of knowing is: a) observation b) omission c) sincerity d) passion e) determination 12)...

11) The starting point of science as a process or a way of knowing is:

a) observation

b) omission

c) sincerity

d) passion

e) determination

12) Inductive reasoning begins with:

a) generalities

b) political action

c) public education

d) conjecture

e) specific examples

13) Which of the following is correctly matched?

a) quantitative data: nonnumeric

b) quantitative data: numerical

c) qualitative data: numerical

d) qualitative data: statistical

e) both a and c

14) To test a hypothesis about a given independent variable, experimental and control groups are tested in parallel. Which of the following best explains the role of the control group?

a) the control group is an exact duplicate of the experimental group except in the control, the independent variable is not altered

b) in the control group, the independent variable is altered in a known way

c) in the control group, the chosen variable is altered however all other variables are held constant

d) in the control group two different independent variables are altered back and forth

e) the control group is the pilot test

15) Which of the following is correctly matched with its definition?

a) precision: the degree of exactness with which a quantity is measured

b) accuracy: the extent to which a measurement is deliberately changed

c) dependent variable: the condition that is altered by the scientist

d) independent variable: the condition that responds to changes in the experiment

e) none of the above is correctly matched