Calculate the energy of photons with the following wavelengths: (10 points) a. 1 m b. 1 cm c.5 m d. 250 nm (Planck's constant, h = 6.626 10-34 m2...

1. Calculate the energy of photons with the following wavelengths: (10 points)

a. 1 m

b. 1 cm

c. 0.5 μm

d. 250 nm

(Planck’s constant, h = 6.626 × 10-34 m2 kg/s; velocity of light, c = 3 x 108 m/s)

2. Calculate the energy flux and peak wavelengths of the energy radiated from the following celestial objects: (10 points)

a. The Sun’s photosphere or “surface”: T = 5700 K

b. Neutron star: T = 600,000 K

c. Supernova: T = 100 billion K

d. Earth’s atmosphere: T = 290 K

(Stefan – Boltzmann constant, σ = 5.67 × 10−8 W m−2 K−4; Wein’s displacement constant, b = 2898 μm K)

3. Calculate the effective equilibrium surface temperature and the magnitude of the greenhouse effect (rise in temperature) for the following moons of Jupiter (Jupiter orbits the sun at roughly 5 times the distance of Earth, i.e. 5 AU): (10 points)

a. Callisto: Albedo, A = 0.22; Actual surface Temperature TS = 134 K

b. Europa: Albedo, A = 0.67; Actual surface Temperature TS = 102 K

(Solar constant at Earth, So = 1370 W/m2)

*Need progress as well.